Week 3- Renal Disease In the Companion Animals Flashcards
What is pre-renal Acute Kidney Infection?
renal blood flow or perfusion causes decline in GRF, kidneys receive 20% of cardiac output
What is Renal Acute Kidney Infection?
Renal damage and changes within the renal tissue
* prolonged ischaemia
What is post-renal acute Kidney Infection
- Urinary tract obstruction, glomerular back pressure and reduction in GFR
urethral or ureteral calculi- urinary tract rupture
What 4 diagnostic investigations might you do for renal disease?
- Emergency database (PCV..)
- Urinalysis
- Blood Pressure
- Abdominal Imaging
What is the renal grading criteria based on?
Blood Creatinine
What Supportive treatment might you use alongside acute kidney infection?
- Fluid therapy
- Correction of electrolyte imbalalnces
- Correction of acidosis
- Diuretics (frusemide or mannitol)
- Dialysis
- Antiemetics
- Nutritional Support
- Monitoring urine output
What are some of the negative prognostic factors for AKI?
anuria
low body temp
low albumin/ low lactate
any toxicity
What are some of the positive prognostic factors for AKI?
- response to treatment
- reduction in creatinine etc..
What are the main aims of CKD treatment?
- Slow/ halt the progression to end stage disease
- reduce frequency of uraemic crisis
- manage 2nd complications
- ensure quality of life
What kind of diet might you consider in an animal with renal disease?
- Clinical renal therapy diet
- Aim is to reduce phosphate and protein intake
- Cats eat renal diet live on average 2-3 times longer
ensure education on introduction
When might you use a phosphate binder?
- If blood phosphate remains high
- phosphate is retained in the bowel and absorption is limited
What is amlopidine?
- Calcium channel blocker
- Can double the dose if no response
What is telmisartan?
- Angiotensin receptor blocker
- may require lifelong therapy
How might you treat proteinuria?
- Telmisartan
- Benazepril
