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wednesday randoms Flashcards

1
Q

paracellular barrier

A

tight junctions with claudins and occludins

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2
Q

which fossa is foramen spinosum?

A

middle cranial fossa

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3
Q

CN is middle cranial fossa

A

CN2-6

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4
Q

gastric CA risk factors

A

dietary nitrates, alcohol and tobacco use, H pylori

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5
Q

flucytosine

A

antifungal that targets DNA and RNA synthesis

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6
Q

CN in posterior cranial fossa

A

CN 7-12

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7
Q

caspofungin

A

antifungal that targets the cell wall

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8
Q

epithelial ovarian CA risk factors

A

family hx, infertility, nulliparity, PCOS, endometriosis, BRCA1 or 2 mutation, lynch syndrome, postmenopausal hormone therapy

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9
Q

prostate CA risk factors

A

increasing age, african-american race

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10
Q

amphotericin B and nystatin

A

antifungal that binds ergosterol of cell membrane

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11
Q

liver CA risk factors

A

Hepatitis B &C, liver cirrhosis, hemochromatosis, alfatoxin

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12
Q

aprepitant

A

NK1 R antagonist antiemetic

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13
Q

metoclopromaide

A

D- receptor antagonist antiemetic

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14
Q

pancreas CA risk factors

A

tobacco smoke, obesity

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15
Q

antiemetics for chemotherapy induced emesis

A

metoclopramid, ondansetron, aprepitant

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16
Q

CN in anterior cranial fossa

A

CN1

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17
Q

cellular anchors

A

adheren junction, desmosomes, hemidesmosomes

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18
Q

intercellular connection

A

gap junctions with connexins

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19
Q

colorectal CA risk factors

A

hereditary colorectal CA syndromes, IBD, obesity, charred or fried foods

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20
Q

breast CA risk factors

A

early menarche, late menopause, nulliparity, BRCA mutations

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21
Q

bladder CA risk factors

A

tobacco smoke, occupational exposures (rubber, aromatics, textiles, leather, etc)

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22
Q

griseofulvin

A

antifungal that targets mitosis

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23
Q

azoles

A

antifungal that inhibits synthesis of ergosterol for cell membrane

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24
Q

renal CA risk factors

A

tobacco smoke obesity, hypertension

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25
Q

integrins

A

proteins of hemidesmosoms; cells connecting to basement membrane

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26
Q

scopolamine

A

antimuscarinic antiemetic

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27
Q

cadherins

A

proteins of desmosomes and adherens junctions

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28
Q

diphenhydramine

A

antihistame antiemetic

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29
Q

ondansetron

A

5HT3 R antagonist antiemetic

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30
Q

CA 19-9

A

pancreatic tumor

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31
Q

alpha fetoprotein

A

HCC, germ cell tumors

32
Q

carcinoembryonic antigen

33
Q

serum marker for germ cell tumors and choriocarcinoma

34
Q

eye down and out and pupil dilated

A

oculomotor palsy

35
Q

CN 3 in brainstem?

A

midline in midbrain

36
Q

can’t look up

A

Parinaud syndrome, posterior midbrain, damage superior colliculi

37
Q

muscle to move eye laterally

38
Q

3 things to move eyes side to side

A

CN6, MLF, PPRF = all in pons

39
Q

nucleus ambiguous

A

muscle 9, 10, 11; in medullar

40
Q

see inferior olivary nucleus?

A

in medulla!

41
Q

patients tongue deviates to left. where is the lesion?

A

medial medulla, left CN12 nucleus

42
Q

ASA stroke damages which part of brain

A

middle medulla

43
Q

which are midline CN?

A

3, 4, 6, 12 = divide evenly into 12

44
Q

4 midline columns of brainstem?

A

MLF, motor pathway (corticospinal), motor nucleus (nucleus ambiguous), medial lemniscus

45
Q

unable to look down when looking at nose

A

CN 4 damage

46
Q

midbrain blood supply

47
Q

lateral medulla blood supply

48
Q

medial medulla blood supply

49
Q

lateral pons blood supply

50
Q

medial pons blood supply

A

Basilar artery

51
Q

structures in association with 3rd part of duodenum

52
Q

part of duodenum that bile duct drains into

A

2nd; vertical portion

53
Q

cardinal veins form

A

systemic venous circulation

54
Q

umbilical veins form

A

portal system

55
Q

caput medusa

A

paraumbilical veins

56
Q

anorectal varices

A

superior rectal veins

57
Q

I, AVL, V5, V6

A

circumflex artery

58
Q

II, III, AVF, V3, V4

A

right coronary artery

59
Q

V1, V2

60
Q

cilostazol

A

X platelet aggregation and vasodilate

61
Q

pseudo allergy with increased leukotrienes

A

ASA side effect

62
Q

abciximab

A

Gp2b3a block = NO platelet cross-link

63
Q

ASA

A

preventative against platelet aggregation

64
Q

Clopidogrel + Ticlodipine

A

X ADP = NO platelet aggregation

65
Q

Agaratroban + Dabigitraban + Bivalirudin

A

X thrombine (2a)

66
Q

Fonadaparinux

A

bind and activates anti-thrombin III

67
Q

vitamin K factors

A

2, 7, 9, 10, c + s

68
Q

IgG-PFA complex with clots

A

Heparin Induced Thrombocytopenia (HIT)

69
Q

ranitidine

A

X H2-R - used in GERD

70
Q

H pylori tx

A

PPI + clarithromycin + amoxicillin/metronidazole

71
Q

metoclopromide

A

X D2R, anti-emetic

72
Q

aprepitant

A

X substance P, NK1R

73
Q

ondansetron

A

X 5HT23, anti-emetic

74
Q

WPW

A

PSVT + delta waves

75
Q

Sotalol + Amiodarone

A

anti-arrhythmic, X K+ in phase 3

76
Q

12-24 hr alcohol withdrawel

77
Q

48-96 hr alcohol withdrawl

A

delirium tremens - fever, tachy, HTN, hallucinations

neuro (34 decks)

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