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RNA negative Flashcards

1
Q

orthomyxovirus

A

enveloped, negative sense RNA, replicate in nucleus

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2
Q

what’s different b/w - and + sense RNA

A

all - must bring own RNA polymerase so can convert to + strand for subsequent protein translation

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3
Q

all RNA - viruses replicate in cytoplasm except which one?

A

orthomyxovirus

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4
Q

what are some important orthomyxoviruses?

A

influenza (A, B, C)

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5
Q

What are the 4 segmented viruses?

A

BOAR: bunyavirus, orthomyxo, arenavirus, reovirus

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6
Q

Difference between antigenic shift and drift?

A

antigenic drifts = point mutations that cause epidemics (seasonal flu)
antigenic shifts = segment reassortment that cause pandemics (H1N1 flu)

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7
Q

what is a common complication of influenza?

A

pneumonia - s. aureus

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8
Q

Why not give a kid with viral illness aspirin?

A

Reye’s syndrome! Encephalitis and liver failure

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9
Q

Is influenza associated with ascending paralysis Guillan Barre?

A

YES

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10
Q

paramyxovirus

A

single-stranded negative sense RNA virus

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11
Q

paramyxovirus

A

single-stranded, negative sense, enveloped RNA virus

measles, mumps, respiratory synctial virus, parainfluenza virus

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12
Q

whats another name for measles?

A

rubeola

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13
Q

are rubeola, roseola, and rubella all different things?

A

YES

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14
Q

what are the early prodromal symptoms of measles?

A

Cough, Coryza, Conjunctiva, Koplik spots (buccal mucosa)

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15
Q

what is coryza?

A

drippy nose due to inflammation of upper airway

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16
Q

how does rubeola rash look?

A

starts at face and moves downwards

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17
Q

major complication of measles?

A

pneumonia, subacute sclerosing pan encephalitis (SSPE)

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18
Q

measles virulence factors ?

A

hemagluttinin (HA) and fusion protein

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19
Q

mumps locations?

A

parotid glands, testis, meninges

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20
Q

what is a cause of uni-lateral orchitis?

A

mumps in the testes!

21
Q

mumps virulence factors?

A

hemagluttanin, fusion protein, neuraminidase?

22
Q

RSV is the most common cause of what?

A

pneumonia and bronchiolitis in infants

23
Q

RSV virulence factors?

A

fusion protein

24
Q

what causes seal bark cough/inspiratory stridor/croup?

A

parainfluenza virus

25
Q

characteristic XR finding on croup?

A

steeple sign with narrowing of sub-glottic region

26
Q

what’s another name for croup?

A

laryngotracheobronchitis

27
Q

parainfluenza virus virulence factors?

A

HA, FP, NA

28
Q

What RNA virus is the ONLY double stranded RNA virus?

A

reovirus

29
Q

describe rhabdovirus

A

negative sense single stranded enveloped RNA virus

30
Q

patient recently been in caves?

A

rhabdovirus! bats main carrier

31
Q

where does rhabdovirus go?

A

binds nicotinic acetylcholin receptors of postsynaptic membrane of motor endplate

32
Q

sx of rhabdovirus?

A

fever, rabies encephalitis, foaming at mouth

33
Q

what’s a classic finding of rhabdo on histo?

A

negri bodies in neurons - eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusions in purkinje cells and also pyramidal cells of hippocampus

34
Q

filovirus

A

negative sense, single-stranded, enveloped helical RNA virus

35
Q

name some filo-viruses

A

marburg, ebola

36
Q

What is unique about bunyavirus’s envelope?

A

obtains it from golgi apparatus of the host

37
Q

what does the B in the BOAR acronym for segmented viruses stand for?

A

Bunyavirus

38
Q

How does hantavirus kill?

A

pulmonary edema, pre-renal azotemia, hemorrhagic fever

39
Q

What are some bunyaviruses?

A

hanta virus and arborviruses (california encephalitis, rift valley fever)

40
Q

which virus has ambisense?

A

arenavirus – both positive and negative sense

41
Q

which 3 viruses have helical shapes?

A

rhabdvirus, arenavirus, filovirus

42
Q

what is the A in the BOAR mneumonic?

A

arenavirus

43
Q

lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus

A

in arenavirus family, febrile aseptic meningoencephalitis, fever

44
Q

What is the R in BOAR?

A

riovirus, most-segmented 11

45
Q

What’s the most important rotavirus?

A

rotavirus - toxin mediated secretory diarhhea

46
Q

What’s the toxin in rotavirus?

A

NSP4, activates Cl channel

47
Q

what’s the #1 cause of sever diarrhea in children?

A

rotavirus

48
Q

Is riovirus double stranded?

A

YES

49
Q

What does the vaccine for riovirus increase risk of?

A

intussusception

neuro (34 decks)

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