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neuro > HT -MSK + endocrine > Flashcards

HT -MSK + endocrine Flashcards

1
Q

pannus + HLADR4

A

RA

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2
Q

PIP + DIP

A

degenerative joint disease

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3
Q

IgM Ab against Fc portion of IgG

A

Rheumatoid factor - marker of disease activity in RA

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4
Q

secondary amyloidosis is a complication of what joint disease?

A

RA

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5
Q

uveitis + aortitis (aortic regurgitation) + HLAB27 + sacroiliac joint

A

ankylosing spondylitis

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6
Q

if patient presents with inflammatory disorder or skin and muscle (proximal muscle weakness + eyelid rash and malar rash), what must you consider?

A

this describes dermatomyositis; underlying carcinoma, especially gastric

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7
Q

what two diseases can have malar rash?

A

dermatomyositis + SLE

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8
Q

positive ANA and anti-jo ab

A

dermatomyositis

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9
Q

perimesial inflammation (outer part of bundle)

A

dermatomyositis

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10
Q

why are mutations of dystrophin often spontaneous?

A

super large protein

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11
Q

becker vs ducheen dystrophy?

A

becker is mutation only with milder sx; duchenne is complete deletion

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12
Q

autoantibodies against post-synaptic ACh receptor at NMJ

A

myasthenia gravis; responds to ACh esterase inhibitors as it increase chance of acetylcholine outcompeting the antibody effects

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13
Q

diplopia + worsens with use + thymic hyperplasia

A

myasthenia gravis

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14
Q

eaton lambert

A

antibody against calcium channel with impaired release of ACh; paraneoplastic syndrome often with small cell carcinoma

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15
Q

muscle weakness that improves with use

A

eaton lambert

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16
Q

desmin +, vagina of young girls

A

rhabdomyosarcoma; from rhabdomyolblasts

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17
Q

lack of GH suppression by oral glucose

A

GH adenoma

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18
Q

used for tx of gigantism and acromegaly; blocks response of AP to GHRH

A

octreotide; somatostatin analogue

19
Q

bitemporal hemianopsia likely cause?

A

prolactinoma

20
Q

sheehan syndrome

A

AP doubles in size, highly susceptible to ischemia during pregnancy with blood less

21
Q

ADH analog

A

desmopressin

22
Q

symptoms of DI but no response to desmopressin

A

nephrogenic DI, often due to Lithium toxicity

23
Q

ADH produced by this malignancy

A

small cell carcinoma

24
Q

tx of SIADH with small cell carcinoma

A

free water restriction + demeclocycline

25
Q

rx that can cause SIADH

A

cyclophosphamide

26
Q

anterior neck mass that moves with swallowing

A

thyroglossal duct cyst

27
Q

tissue at base of tongue

A

lingual thyroid

28
Q

how does hyperthyroidism increase BMR?

A

increase synthesis of Na/K/ATPase

29
Q

how does hyperthyroidism increase sympathetic nervous system response?

A

increased expression of B adrenergic receptors

30
Q

IgG autoantibody that stimulates TSH receptor triggering release of thyroid hormone

A

graves hyperthyroidism

31
Q

diffuse goiter + hyperthyroidism + exopthalmos + pretibial myxedema

A

graves hyperthyroidism

32
Q

cretinism

A

hypothyroidism in neonates and children

33
Q

mental retardation + skeletal abnormalities + short stature + coarse facial features + enlarged tongue + umbilical hernia

A

cretinism - either due to mom hypothyroidism or hypothyroid agenesis or deficiency of myeloperoxidase or iodine

34
Q

HLA DR5

A

Hashimotos Thyroiditis

35
Q

chronic inflammation with germinal centers

A

hashimotos thyroiditis

36
Q

tender thyroid

A

subacute thyroiditis

37
Q

thyroid lesion that involves local structures in a young patient

A

reidel fibrosing thyroiditis

38
Q

person with thyroid cancer who has history of extensive radiatino

A

papillary carcinoma

39
Q

follicular adenoma vs follicular carcinoma

A

both follicles within capsule but carcinoma invades through capsule; cannot tell difference with FNA

40
Q

which carcinomas like to spread through the blood?

A

follicular carcinoma, renal cell carcinoma, HCC, choriocarcinoma

41
Q

localized amyloidosis + high calcitonin + hypocalcemia

A

medullary carcinoma, malignant proliferation of parafollicular c cells (where calcitonin is made)

42
Q

malignant cells in an amyloid stroma

A

medullary carcinoma of the thyroid

43
Q

anaplastic tumor

A

producing cells that don’t resemble normal histology of that structure

44
Q

anaplastic carcinoma of thyroid

A

thyroid tumor involving local structures with associated sx, elderly, biopsy shows very malignant poorly differentiated cells

neuro (34 decks)

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