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Block Science > Wave Light Sound > Flashcards

Wave Light Sound Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Medium

A

The material that gets disturbed/ moved

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2
Q

What are the two types of waves

A

Transversals

Longitudinal

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3
Q

Transversal

A

Medium motion perpendicular to the direction of wave( energy traveled )
|
–

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4
Q

Longitudinal

A

Motion of medium is parallel to wave direction, medium bunches up into compressions and spreads out into rarefactions

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5
Q

Rare fraction

A

The part if longitudinal wave not compressed

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6
Q

Compression

A

The part of longitudinal wave that’s compressed

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7
Q

Amplitude

A

Max distance molecules displaced from rest position, hieght of wave

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8
Q

How is energy and amplitude related

A

More energy equals more amplitude

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9
Q

How is sound/intensity related to amplitude

A

More amplitude equals louder sound

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10
Q

How is energy related to light

A

More energy equals Brighter light , more intense

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11
Q

Wavelength

A

Distance between two consecutive rarefactions or compressions
(Crests or troughs )

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12
Q

Crest

A

Top of wave

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13
Q

Trough

A

Bottom of wave

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14
Q

What determines the type of electromagnetic wave

A

Wavelength

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15
Q

Type of waves from longest to shortest

A

Radio, micro, infared, visible, ultraviolet, X-Ray, gamma

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16
Q

What dos shorter wave length means

A

Shorter equals more energetic and frequency

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17
Q

Frequency

A

Number of waves per second, how many waves pass a ser per second

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18
Q

Hertz

A

One wave per second

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19
Q

At a SET speed what is the relationship between frequency and wavelength

A

When frequency increases wavelength decreases

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20
Q

What does frequency of light determine

A

Color

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21
Q

Pitch

A

Frequency of sound

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22
Q

How are frequency and pitch related

A

When frequency increase so does pitch

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23
Q

Faster the vibrations means

A

Higher pitch/frequency

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24
Q

Ultrasonic

A

Higher pitch

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25
Q

What is the range of audible sound

A

20- 20,000 hz

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26
Q

Subsonic

A

Lower pitch

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27
Q

Period

A

Time for one wave to pass set point

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28
Q

How are periods and wave length related at a SET speed

A

Loner wave equals longer period at set speed

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29
Q

How are periods and frequency related

A

Higher frequency means shorter periods

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30
Q

Formula for frequency

A

F = 1/p

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31
Q

Formula for period

A

P= 1/f

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32
Q

Wave speed

A

How fast one crest is moving

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33
Q

Speed formula

A

Frequency X wavelength

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34
Q

How does speed of light change going through different mediums

A

Fastest in vacuum, then air, then water, then slowest in solid

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35
Q

Angel of incidence

A

Between incident wave and normal

36
Q

Normal

A

Line perpendicular to object

37
Q

Angel of reflectionn

A

Between normal and reflected wave

38
Q

Angle of refraction

A

Angle of incidence

39
Q

Diffuse reflection

A

Many directions, rough surface

40
Q

Refraction

A

Wave bends due to change in speed, often Cause f change of medium

41
Q

How does light react to dense mediums

A

Light does slower in denser mediums

42
Q

How does sound react to dense mediums

A

Sound goes faster in more dense mediums

43
Q

Diffraction

A

Bending of waves around a barrier

44
Q

Interference

A

Two waves combine to form a new wave

45
Q

Two types of interference

A

Constructive and destructive

46
Q

Constructive

A

\/\/\/\ + \/\/\/\ = \/\/\/\/\/\

Crests overlap to create larger amplitude

47
Q

Destructive

A

\/\/\/\ + /\/\/\/ = ——

Crests line up with trough to cancel out

48
Q

Echo

A

Reflection

49
Q

Which is faster speed of light or speed of sound

A

Speed of light

50
Q

Speed is determined by what

A

Medium and temp

51
Q

What temp is sound fastest

A

Warm

52
Q

Ultra sound

A

Higher frequency then humans can hear

>20,000hz

53
Q

What is ultra sound used for

A

Echocardiograms
Echolocation
Ultrasounds

54
Q

What type of objects reflect sound best

A

More dense objects

55
Q

What does sonar stand for

A

SOund
Navigation
And
Ranging

56
Q

Distance formula

A

1/2 time X speed of sound

57
Q

What type of wave is a sound wave

A

Longitudinal

58
Q

What type of wave is light

A

Electromagnetic transversals

59
Q

What is a light wave

A

A disturbance of the electrical and magnetic fields which transports energy in the form of a photon

60
Q

How are electro and magnetic fields related to each other in light

A 
They are at right angles to one another 
When one is /\/\/\/
The other is 
/
\
/
\
61
Q

What is the light disturbance caused by

A

A photon

62
Q

Photon

A

Particles of light, packets of energy, emitted when an electron drops down to a lower level

63
Q

Frequency of sound wave created depends on what

A

Amount of energy in photon, high energy photon equals high frequency light wave

64
Q

What are the types of transmission of light

A

Opaque
Transparent objects
Scattering

65
Q

Opaque

A

Don’t transmit only absorb or reflect

66
Q

Transparent objects

A

Transmit into straight line

67
Q

Scattering

A

Molecules absorb light and scatter in all directions

68
Q

Opaque objects

A

Regretted over wavelengths
Color reflected is the color we see
If all reflected we see white
If all absorbed we see black

69
Q

Scattering objects

A

Small molecules scatter high frequency

70
Q

N2 and O2 of air scatter what colors

A

Violet and blue

71
Q

Very large particles do what

A

Absorb light and are opaque

72
Q

Why is the sky blue

A

Because the small molecules in the atmosphere scatter small blue light so blue stays in the atmosphere longer

73
Q

Why are clouds white

A

Water droplets are all different sizes which reflect all different wavelengths of light= white

74
Q

Wave

A

A disturbance that moves energy through space

75
Q

Why are storms grey

A

Large water drops absorb all colors the bigger he drops the darker the clouds= black

76
Q

What travels along the wave path

A

Energy

77
Q

What type of wave is sound

A

Longitudinal

78
Q

What does increased amplitude change in sound and light waves

A

Sound becomes Louder, light becomes brighter

79
Q

What is the law of reflection

A

The angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection

80
Q

When light bends into a denser medium does it bend toward or away from normal

A

Toward normal

81
Q

Why is the sunset red

A

Sunsets and sunrises are red because at sunset the sunlight has to travel through more atmosphere than at other times of day so very little of the shorter wavelength light makes it all the way through. Very little red light is scattered because of its long wavelength so red light makes it through to your eye.

82
Q

Explain the Doppler effect

A

Doppler effect is a change in pitch caused my a moving sound emitter or light emitter. Observer 2 would hear the higher pitch sound because the object is moving toward observer 1.

83
Q

What causes echoes

A

Reflection of sound waves off of hard flat surfaces

84
Q

What waves are longer than visible and what are shorter

A

Longer: radio, tv, micro, infared
Shorter: ultraviolet, X-ray, gamma

85
Q

What two fields are disturbed by the passage of a photon and what type of wave does this create

A

Electro and magnetic and it creates an electromagnetic transverse wave

86
Q

Can light travel through space

A

Yes any electromagnetic wave can

Block Science (33 decks)

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