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Block Science > Review Guide > Flashcards

Review Guide Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Define compound

A

Two different atoms bonded together

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2
Q

Polar molecule general property

A

Two opposite charged poles

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3
Q

Dissolving in polar molecule

A

Polar dissolves polar

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4
Q

General molecules of non polar

A

Even sharing electrons

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5
Q

Examples of non polar

A

Fats

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6
Q

Hydrogen bonding

A

Weak ionic bonds, formed between hydrogen oxygen nitrogen and Florine

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7
Q

Surface tension

A

Water sticks to water

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8
Q

Cohesion

A

Water sticks to water

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9
Q

Adhesion

A

Water sticks to different polar molecule

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10
Q

Definition of acid

A

Donate H +

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11
Q

Definition of base

A

Donate OH-

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12
Q

Ph scale

A

0-6 acid

8-14 base

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13
Q

What elements are found in all organic compounds

A

CH

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14
Q

Name four groups of organic compounds that are important to living organisms

A

Lipids, carbohydrates, nucleic acids, proteins

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15
Q

Elements that make up carbohydrates

A

CHO

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16
Q

Ratio of H to O in carbohydrates

A

2:1

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17
Q

What are building blocks of carbohydrates

A

Monosaccharides

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18
Q

Formula for simple sugar is

A

1:2:1

C6H12o6

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19
Q

Define monosaccharide, disaccharide and polysaccharide

A

Mono one
Di two
Poly many

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20
Q

Examples of monosaccharide

A

Glucose
Galactose
Fructose

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21
Q

Examples of Disaccharides

A

Sucrose

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22
Q

Polysaccharides

A

Starch
Glycogen
Cellulose
Chitin

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23
Q

Three elements that make up lipids

A

CHO

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24
Q

Ratio of H to O in lipid is

A

Not uniform

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25
Q

What are two building blocks of lipids

A

Fatty acids + glycerol

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26
Q

Difference between saturated and unsaturated

A

Saturated single bonds solids

Unsaturated double or triple bonds liquids

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27
Q

Example of unsaturated fats

A

Lard and butter

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28
Q

Which is healthier saturated or unsaturated

A

Unsaturated

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29
Q

Glycerol molecule

A

Oh

30
Q

Fatty acid molecule

A

Cooh

31
Q

Lipid (trig) molecule

A

Picture in review

32
Q

Elements that make up proteins

A

CHON

33
Q

What are building blocks of proteins

A

Amino acids

34
Q

Elements of proteins

A

CHON

35
Q

How many different kinds of amino acids are there

A

20

36
Q

What is basic structure of amino acid

A

Amino group, r variable, carboxylic

37
Q

Define peptide bond

A

Happens because of dehydration synthesis

Holds amino acids together

38
Q

Dipeptide

A

Two amino acids

39
Q

Polypeptide

A

Three or more amino acids

40
Q

Dehydration synthesis

A

Remove water to hoop two monomers to get her

41
Q

Hydrolysis

A

Add water to macromolecules to break down into smaller parts

42
Q

Monomer

A

Building block of polymer

43
Q

Polymer

A

A big molecule

Long chain of repeating units

44
Q

Carbohydrate food example

A

Sugar

45
Q

Lipid food example

A

Fat

46
Q

Protein food example

A

Meat

47
Q

Carbohydrate monomer

A

Monosaccharide

48
Q

Lipid monomer

A

Glycerol and fatty acid

49
Q

Protein monomer

A

Amino acid

50
Q

Nucleic acid monomer

A

Nucleotide

51
Q

Carbohydrate polymer

A

Polysaccharides

52
Q

Lipid polymer

A

Fats waxes and oils

53
Q

Protein polymer

A

Enzymes

54
Q

Nucleic acid polymer

A

DNA RNA

55
Q

What is most common monosaccharide

A

Glucose

56
Q

Common polysaccharides in plants

A

Starch and cellulose

57
Q

Most common polysaccharides in animals

A

Glycogen

58
Q

Are lipids polar or no polar

A

Non polar

59
Q

Are lipids soluble in water

A

No

60
Q

Non polar or polar solid able in water

A

Polar

61
Q

What bond holds amino acids together

A

Peptide

62
Q

What are a chain of amino acids called

A

Dipeptide polypeptide

63
Q

What two functions do nucleic acids have

A

Determine genetic info and carry genetic info

64
Q

What are the three parts that make up a nucleotide

A

Sugar, phosphate, nitrogen base

65
Q

In the circle, house, square what thing Is it

A

Nucleotide

66
Q

In circle house square what do each shape represent

A

Circle is phosphate
House is sugar
Square is nitrogen base

67
Q

DNA sugar

A

Deoxyribose

68
Q

RNA sugar

A

Ribose

69
Q

Four base for DNA

A

ATCG

70
Q

Four bases of RNA

A

AUCG

71
Q

What four elements are most abundant in living organisms

A

CHON

Block Science (33 decks)

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