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Block Science > Ecology > Flashcards

Ecology Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

A living plant animal or microbe is what

A

An organism

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2
Q

Define biodiversity

A

The diversity of a species in a given area

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3
Q

Define ecosystem

A

A community of organisms interacting with abiotic enviornmental factors

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4
Q

Result of burning and clearing of a tropical forest

A

Global warming would increase, less oxygen, decrease in biodiversity

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5
Q

Activities with negative impact on environment

A

Snow Avalanche, resurfacing a road, forest fire, nuclear explosion

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6
Q

Explain how top predators may increase the biodiversity of species lower on the food chain

A

Decreasing competition

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7
Q

Define non native species

A

Invasive, not normally found in the area, introduced into an area by humans

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8
Q

What is the most common explanation for population growth by a non native species

A

They have found many unoccupied niches

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9
Q

Which environmental factors are looked at when monitoring human pollution

A

Air quality, water quality, ocean currents

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10
Q

The maintenance of self sustaining ecosystem requires what

A

Cycling of materials between organisms and their environment

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11
Q

Why does each successive feeding level in a pyramid of energy have less biomass

A

Carnivore biomass is less than producer biomass as a result of energy being lost as it flows from producer to carnivore

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12
Q

What is the most likely succession in the repopulation of an aera

A

Lichens-grasses-shrubs-trees

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13
Q

What part of the ecosystem is not recycled through the earths ecosystems

A

Energy

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14
Q

Natural populations numbers increase and decrease around the carrying capacity when they reach a

A

Steady state

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15
Q

A group of similar looking organisms that breed with each other and produce fertile offspring make up a

A

Population

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16
Q

Invasive rabbit population increase what is logical reason

A

Few effective predators

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17
Q

Example of mutualism

A

E. coli bacteria living on human intestines

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18
Q

Example for parasitism

A

Heart worms in living dog

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19
Q

If a population grows larger than the carrying capacity

A

Death rate may rise

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20
Q

Nutrients move through the biosphere through

A

Biochemical cycles

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21
Q

Probably the most important factors affecting the distribution of biomes are

A

Climate and climax communities

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22
Q

De composers in nitrogen cycle AIDS in what

A

Restoration in nirogen compounds to the soil

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23
Q

What is the role of NO3 in the cycle

A

Used by plants for growth

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24
Q

Largest percentage of available energy found where on pyramid

A

Bottom

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25
Q

Growth rate

A

Birth rate to death rate

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26
Q

Biome with most biodiversity

A

Tropical forest

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27
Q

Exponential growth slows when

A

Resources become limited

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28
Q

The amount of energy in each tropic level of consumers is

A

10% of the level below it

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29
Q

Humpback whales and barnacles is example of

A

Communalism

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30
Q

Driving source for water cycle

A

Sunlight

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31
Q

What organism is responsible for nitrogen fixation

A

Bacteria

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32
Q

Nitrate return or soil

A

Decomposition

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33
Q

Role of species in community

A

Niche

34
Q

Extinctions due today are becausw of

A

Loss of habitat

35
Q

Detrivore

A

Feeds on dead animals

36
Q

Biomass pyramid

A

Total mass of living tissue at each tropic level

37
Q

What promotes competition in ecosystem

A

Limited resources

38
Q

Water loss in stromata plants

A

Condensation

39
Q

Dentrification

A

Nitrogen in soil goes back to atmosphere

40
Q

Only eat producers

A

Herbivores

41
Q

Primary succession

A

Community development in an essentially lifeless area with no soil remaining from the previous community

42
Q

Secondary succession

A

Community development following the disturbance of a previously existing community (soil still there)
Ex forest fire flood

43
Q

Pioneer community

A

First organism to move into new area

44
Q

Climax

A

Last community to move in, stays same for very long, little change, highest species diversity

45
Q

More diversity equals

A

More stable system

46
Q

Dominant species

A

Species with most biomass

47
Q

Keystone species

A

Removal has major effects

Ex kelp humans coral

48
Q

What represents a dead end in food chain

A

Non native species

49
Q

Population density

A

Number or organisms per area

50
Q

Dispersion

A

Spacing of a population within an area

51
Q

Uniform ex

A

Territorial animals
Black bears
Garden

52
Q

Clumped

A

Bison

Pack herd animals

53
Q

Random

A

Deer

54
Q

Quadrat sampling

A

Known small area to count organisms smaller organisms larger area

55
Q

Random sampling

A

Known number and randomly choosing sports

56
Q

Line transept

A

Walk in straight line count as pass by

57
Q

Mark and recapture

A

Capture tag release

58
Q

Population growth rate

A

How fast population grows

59
Q

Nataliry

A

Birth rate

60
Q

Mortality

A

Death rate

61
Q

Emigration a

A

Moving away from pop

62
Q

Immigration

A

Moving into pop

63
Q

Lag phase

A

No to slow growth

64
Q

Exponential phase

A

Rapid uncontrolled growth

65
Q

R strategists

A

Small organisms short life span produce many offspring
Controlled by density independent
Exponential growth

66
Q

K strategists

A

Larger long life few offspring

Humans elephant follow logistic

67
Q

Demography

A

Study of human pop

68
Q

Pre reproductive

A

Under 20

69
Q

Reproductive

A

20-44

70
Q

Post reproductive

A

Above 44

71
Q

Rapid

A

Fat to small graph

72
Q

Slow growth is

A

Squiggly graph

73
Q

No growth is s

A

Same size top bottom whole graph

74
Q

Inter specific competition

A

Between organisms of same species

75
Q

Predation

A

One organism feeds on other

How energy best recycled

76
Q

Population

A

Particular species living Ina certain area

77
Q

Community

A

Group of interacting populations that occupy same area

78
Q

Ecosystem

A

Biological community with all the biotic and abiotic features

79
Q

Organism affects biotic

A

Eats all food disease reproduction

80
Q

Organism affects biotic

A

Breathe out co2

Block Science (33 decks)

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