Aromic Theory And Periodic Table Flashcards
A substance that is made of only one kind of atom is
An element
Subatomic
Smaller than an atom
All atoms of the same element have he same number of
Protons
An ion
An atom that has gained or lost electrons
An isotope
An atom that has a different number of neutrons
The charge of an atom is
Neutral
The charge of the nucleus is
Positive
How do you find mass number
Add protons and neutrons
Atomic mass
Average mass for atoms of that element
Units used for mass
Atomic mass unit (A.M.U) for atoms
Grams for other things
Units for volume
Liters L
Milliliters ML
Experimental variable
Thing being tested
Controlled variable
Things kept constant and controlled
Depending variable
Measured, recorded, counted
Depends on experimental variable
Y axis
Independent variable
Known before experiment
Includes experimental
X axis
Control set up
Normal
Doesn’t change anything
Used to compare results
New and old soap control is the old soap
If——–
Then——
If–prediction—-
Then—expected results—
How many meters in a kilometer
1,000
How many centimeters in a meter
100
How many mililiters in one meters
1,000
How many ML in a liter
1,000
How many milligrams in a gram
1,000
How many grams In a kilogram
1,009
Density formula
D = M divided by V
How to find proton
Atomic #
How to find electron
Neutral atom it’s the atomic number
Charge it is the charge number C-14 -1
How to find neutrons
Mass #- atomic#
Oxidation number
of electrons gained or lost to get full outer energy level. + because adding positive to get rid of the electron
Period
Horizontal 1 to 7
Columns
Groups, vertical, 1-18
Valence electrons
Number of electrons in the outermost shell, the ones that interact
Lewis for diagram
- —-15
- -4……..3
- -8……..7
- —-26
Democratus
Named the atom
Big black dot for diagram
Lavoisier
Wrote the law of conservation of matter
Bohr
Found out that electrons formed different energy levels
Bohr diagram
Chadwick
Discovered the neutron
Mendeleev
First periodic table
Thomson
Discovered the electron
Plum pudding model
Rutherford
Solar system model
Discovered proton and nucleus
Who used a cathode ray tube to see the path of praticles
Thomson
When Thomson discovered negative particles this told him that
There where positive particles somewhere
Who was the first person to see the smaller piece of matter was an atom
Democratus
What is the most modern theory for the structure of an atom
Wave model
Which families are most reactive
Alkali metals and alkaline earth metals are second
Where is it easiest to steal electrons
Bottom left corner
Metal location/ three l
Left
Large radius
Low ionization
What metals are highly radioactive
Lanthanides and actinides
Which family is inert
Nobel gases
What metals have different oxidation numbers depending on environment
Transition metals
Which non metals are highly reactive
Halogens, for salts
How do you find valence electrons an element has using the periodic table
The ones place of the group number
How does the periodic table tell how many energy levels an element has
The row number tells the number of energy levels
What happens to the atomic radius as you move left to right across a period
Atomic radius decreases as you move across a row because the increasing number of protons increases the electromagnetic force that pulls the electrons close to the nucleus.
What happens to atomic radius as you’ve too to bottom down a group
Atomic radius increases as you move down a group because the increasing number of energy levels increases the distance between the electrons and the nucleus.
What happens to the ionization energy as you move left to right across a period
Ionization energy increases as you move across a row because the increasing number of protons increases the electromagnetic force that holds the electrons to the atom, making it more difficult to remove an electron.
What happens to the ionization energy as you move top to bottom down a group
Ionization energy decreases as you move down a group because the increasing number of energy levels increases the distance between the electrons and the nucleus, decreasing the force of attraction and making the electrons easier to remove.
What is ionization energy
Ionization energy is the amount of energy needed to remove the outermost electron. (ionizing the atom)
What is electronegativity
Electronegativity is the amount of attraction that a nucleus has for electrons….how much electromagnetic force of attraction an atom generates
