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Block Science > Macromolecules And Mononers > Flashcards

Macromolecules And Mononers Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Polysaccharides are a type of

A

Carbohydrate

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2
Q

Examples of Polysaccharides

A

Cellulose, starch, glycogen, and chitin

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3
Q

Examples of monosaccharides

A

Glucose galactose

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4
Q

Examples of disaccharides

A

Sucrose

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5
Q

Polysaccharides uses

A

Energy, structure, and support

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6
Q

Monomers that make up Polysaccharides

A

Monosaccharides (glucose mostly )

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7
Q

Are lipids non polar or polar

A

Non polar

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8
Q

What is saturated

A

All single bonds, straight chains, solid

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9
Q

What is unsaturated

A

Double or triple bonds. Bent liquids

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10
Q

What is better saturated or unsaturated

A

Unsaturated

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11
Q

Examples of lipids

A

Fats, waxes, and oils

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12
Q

Lipid uses

A

Membrane structure
Energy storage
Steroids

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13
Q

Monomers that make up lipids

A

Triglycerides: fatty acids and glycerol

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14
Q

Phospholipid, what are the tail and head, non polar or polar

A

Tail is non polar and a fatty acid, head is polar phosphate

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15
Q

Uses for phospholipids

A

Membrane structure

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16
Q

Monomers that make up phospholipids

A

Phosphate, f.a. (Fatty acid), and p.a.

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17
Q

Nucleic acid are

A

DNA and RNA

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18
Q

DNA info

A

Deoxyribose sugar with ATCG

stores genetic info/determines genetic traits

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19
Q

RNA info

A

Ribose sugar with AUCG carries genetic info

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20
Q

Examples of nucleic acid

A

DNA and RNA

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21
Q

Uses for nucleic acid

A

Stores and carries genetic info

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22
Q

Monomers that make up necleic acid

A

Nucleotide

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23
Q

What is denaturing

A

Changing the shape of the protein by heating/ changing ph

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24
Q

Examples of proteins

A

Enzymes
Transport proteins
Pigments
Hemoglobin

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25
Q

Uses for proteins

A

Catalyze reactions
Transport substances
Structure and support

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26
Q

Monomers that make up proteins

A

Amino acid

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27
Q

Monosaccharide elements

A

Cho

1:2:1

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28
Q

Monosaccharide bonds and functional groups

A

Covalent bonds
Have OH
And glucose

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29
Q

Glucose formula

A

C6H12O6

30
Q

Hydrophilic and hydrophobic

A

Phobic is water fearing and non polar

Philic is water loving and polar

31
Q

Monosaccharide characteristic and use

A

Hydrophilic and used as an easy quick energy source

32
Q

Macromolecules that monosaccharides can make

A

Carbohydrates, polysaccharides, (glycogen, starch, chitin, cellulose)

33
Q

Glycerol is made of what elements

A

Cho

34
Q

Glycerol bonds and functional groups

A

An alcohol with oh-hydroxyl, group

35
Q

Characteristics of a glycerol

A

An alcohol, hydrophilic, combined with three fatty acids to form a triglyceride,

36
Q

Macromolecules glycerol can make

A

Lipid

37
Q

Fatty acid elements

A

Cho

38
Q

Fatty acid functional group

A

Hydroxyl group and -cooh

39
Q

Fatty acid uses

A

Used to create triglycerides w glycerol with three fatty acids and also create phospholipids with two fatty acids and phosphate

40
Q

Is fatty acid polar or non polar

A

Non polar

41
Q

Macromolecules fatty acids can make

A

Lipids

42
Q

Nucleotide elements

A

Chonp

43
Q

Nucleotide bonds and functional group

A

Sugar, phosphate, and nitrogen base

Covalent bond

44
Q

Nucleotide uses

A

Stable backbone molecule of DNA and RNA

45
Q

Macromolecules nucleotides can make

A

Nucleic acid

46
Q

Amino acid elements and functional group

A

Chon

Amino and carboxylic

47
Q

drawing of amino acid

A

H—–r—–o
—n–c—c
H—–h—-oh

48
Q

Amino acids how many

A

20 different

49
Q

Amino acids make up how any proteins

A

10,000

50
Q

What type of bond do amino acids have

A

Peptide

51
Q

Amino acids can make what macromolecules

A

Proteins

52
Q

Phosphates elements and bonds

A

PO4

Polyionic ion

53
Q

Phosphate uses

A

Used with two fatty acids to form phospholipid

Used with sugar and base to form nucleotide

54
Q

What macromolecules can phosphate make

A

Nucleic acid

55
Q

Glycogen

A

Storage molecules in animals

56
Q

Cellusose

A

Makes up cell walls of plants

57
Q

Starch

A

Storage molecule in plants

58
Q

Chitin

A

Exoskeletons

59
Q

Lipids are found in

A

Fat wax and oil

60
Q

LDL

A

Low density lipoprotein

Bad guy

61
Q

HDL

A

High density lipoprotein

Good guy

62
Q

Anabolic steroid

A

Muscle building

63
Q

Androgenic steroid

A

Sex hormones

64
Q

Plant hormones

A

Gibberellin, auxin, eytokinins

65
Q

Peptide bond

A

Hold amino acids together and happens because of dehydration synthesis

66
Q

Dipeptide

A

Two amino acids

67
Q

Polypeptide

A

3 or more amino acids

68
Q

Dehydration synthesis

A

When you remove a water molecule and connect two smaller ones

69
Q

Hydrolysis

A

Break down molecules by adding water

70
Q

Macromolecules

A 
Polysaccharides 
Lipid
Phospholipids
Nucleon acid
Protein

Block Science (33 decks)

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