Bonds And Types Of Matter Test Flashcards
Anion
Negative non metals that gain electrons
Negative ions
Cation
Positive metals that lose electrons
Positive ions
Polyatomic ion
Many atoms bonded together that all together have a charge
Valence electron
Very outermost electrons that interact with other atoms
Ionic bond
Between metals and non metals
Electrons Transferred
Covalent bond
Between non metals and non metals or between hydrogen and non metals
Sharing valence electrons
Metallic bonds
Between metal and metal
Passing electrons back and forth
Element
Pure substance where all atoms are the same
Compound
Pure substance, all molecules are the same but each has more than one type of atom
Mixture
Two or more different substances, more than one type of piece, not chemically bonded
Homogeneous
Looks all the same
Heterogenous
Looks like there is more than one substance
Physical property
Density, color, boiling point, shape, magnetism l, solubility (dissolve),
Chemical property
Flammability, ability to rust or tarnish ( oxidization)
Physical change
Change in shape, size, or state of matter
No new substance or properties( color), dissolve,
Chemical change
Change into a new substance, new color, bubbles, tastes different, broken bonds
Atoms gain, lose, or share electrons in order to become….
Stable
To be stable most atoms need
8 electrons In their outermost shell
The only two elements that need 2 electrons to be stable are
Hydrogen and helium
Chemical bond is when atoms
Atoms transfer or share electrons
What bond has the arrows
Ionic
What bond uses the circles
Covalent
When do you add the Roman numeral numbers when writing the name of each compound
When the metal is not in column one or two
In a pure substance all molecules are…
The same
A pure substance is an
Element
If each piece is made of different atoms bonded together then the pure substance is called…
A compound
When two elements are combined together by a chemical bond the properties of the compound are
Completely different than the properties if the pure elements
What happens when two substances are combined in a mixture
You don’t get any new properties
What is a negative ion
Anion
What is a positive ion
Cation
What is ammonium
NH4
Cation
What is hydroxide
OH-
Anion
Mixtures can only be broken down by
Physical means
Compounds can only be broken down by
Chemical means
Elements can only be broken down by
Can’t be broken down
Endothermic
Takes energy in
Exothermic
Gives off energy
Non polar bond
Covalent bond
If electrons are shared equally then the molecule that is formed is neutral
Polar bonds
Covalent bond Have poles ( one side of the molecule is different than the other, when one atom pulls harder on the electrons the the electron spends more time near that atom so that end is slightly negative
