Water movement Flashcards

1
Q

Total body water composition

A

60%

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2
Q

What are the two body fluid compartments?

A
  • Intracellular fluid (40%)

- Extracellular fluid (20%)

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3
Q

What are the compartments of the extracellular fluid?

A
  • Interstitial fluid (15%)
  • Transcellular fluid
  • Intravascular fluid (5%)
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4
Q

What is the most important function of the kidney?

A

Maintain composition and volume of the ECF

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5
Q

What are some forces that act on body fluids?

A
  • Osmotic force
  • Hydrostatic pressure
  • Oncotic pressure
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6
Q

What is the result of osmotic pressure?

A

Movement of a fluid across a semi-permeable membrane that equalize concentration of solute on either side of the membrane

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7
Q

What type of cell are the most water permeant?

A

RBC

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8
Q

What are the components of blood?

A
  • Cells (RBC)

- Plasma (IVF)

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9
Q

What is hematocrit?

A

Amount of RBC in the blood

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10
Q

How can water permeate a membrane?

A
  • Diffuse through the bilayer (slow)

- Aquaporins (fast)

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11
Q

What is hydrostatic pressure?

A

Movement within the ECF compartments. Determined by blood pressure from pumping of the heart

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12
Q

What is oncotic pressure (colloid osmotic pressure)?

A

Pressure exerted by large molecules in a solution within ECF compartments

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13
Q

What factors favor movement out of capillary?

A

Hydrostatic pressure in the capillary and interstitial oncotic pressure

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14
Q

What factors favor movement into the capillary?

A

Interstitial hydrostatic pressure and capillary oncotic pressure

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15
Q

How do you measure volume of a given body fluid compartment?

A

Dilution method

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16
Q

What is the dilution method?

A
  1. Inject known amount of substance
  2. Allow a period for equilibration
  3. Collect sample
  4. Measure concentration
  5. Divide amount added by the concentration
17
Q

What are some tracers for water measurements?

A

2H2O

3H2O

18
Q

What is a tracer for EC?

A

Inulin

19
Q

What is a tracer for plasma?

A

Evans Blue

20
Q

How can you calculate interstitial fluid?

A

ECF-Plasma

21
Q

How is homeostasis maintained when conditions change?

A
  1. Sensors and detectors
  2. Coordination of sensed signals
  3. Effectors