Cardiovascular system pt 5

Question 1

What is the O2 consumption levels at rest and 100% VO2 max?

Answer 1

11mL/kg min

93 mL/kg min

Question 2

What is the Hr at rest and 100% Vo2 max?

Answer 2

125 bpm

279 bpm

Question 3

What is the Q at rest and 100% VO2 max?

Answer 3

5.2

17

Question 4

What is the avO2 at rest and 100% VO2 max?

Answer 4

5.2

13

Question 5

What is the sys BP at rest and 100% VO2 max?

Answer 5

139

198

Question 6

What is the dia BP at rest and 100% VO2 max?

Answer 6

85

71

Question 7

What is the MAP at rest and 100% VO2 max?

Answer 7

111

131

Question 8

What is the SVR at rest and 100% VO2 max?

Answer 8

21. 9

7. 9

Question 9

What is the Lactate concentration at rest and 100% VO2 max?`

Answer 9

0. 8

3. 7

Question 10

Which factors increase linearly at exercise?

Answer 10

VO2, HR, Q, Sys BP, and MAP

Question 11

Which factors increase in a curvilinearly during exercise?

Answer 11

SV and avO2

Question 12

Which factors decrease during exercise?

Answer 12

SVR and Dia BP (sometimes stays the same)

Question 13

Why does Hr increase?

Answer 13

Parasympathetic withdrawal and Sympathetic activation

Question 14

What causes SV to increase during exercise?

Answer 14

1. Preload is increased due to increased venous return and vasoconstriction
2. Afterload is increase due to increased sys BP which has a neg. effect on SV
3. Contractility is increased due to increased beta 1 stimulation

Question 15

What limits LVEDP in the frank starling relationship?

Answer 15

Pericardium prevents LVEDP from increasing past a certain point. Can be stretched with exercise training

Question 16

What is responsible for an increased cardiac output during mild exercise?

Answer 16

Increase in HR and SV

Question 17

What is responsible for an increased cardiac output during hard exercise?

Answer 17

Mostly due to an increased HR

Question 18

Why does avO2 increase during exercise?

Answer 18

CaO2 does not change but CvO2 goes down because more oxygen is being used in the muscles.

Question 19

Why does CvO2 decrease in a curvilinear fashion?

Answer 19

Muscle recruitment
Capillarity of muscles
Mitochondrial density

Question 20

What happens to Sys BP during exercise?

Answer 20

It is raised and dependent on Q

Question 21

What happens to Dia BP during exercise?

Answer 21

It decreases and is dependent on SVR

Question 22

What happens to the SVR in the kidneys and splanchnic organs during exercise?

Answer 22

increases

Question 23

What happens to the SVR in the skeletal muscles during exercise?

Answer 23

It decreases

Question 24

What is the most important vasodilator at the beginning of exercise?

Answer 24

NO

Question 25

What is the most important vasodilator later in exercise?

Answer 25

Vasodilators especially adenosine

Question 26

What is sympatholysis?

Answer 26

Vasodilator metabolites are released and cause vasodilation and when they come into contact with sympathetic nerves inhibit the release of NE. This reduces vasoconstriction in working muscles

Question 27

What happens to muscles during exercise?

Answer 27

Blood flow increases

Question 28

What happens to blood flow to inactive muscles and organs?

Answer 28

Blood flow decreases, stomach has the largest drop

Question 29

What is the redistribution Q in muscles?

Answer 29

Rest 15% Exercise 80%

Question 30

What is the redistribution of Q in the kidney?

Answer 30

Rest 20% Exercise 2%

Question 31

What is the redistribution of Q in the splanchnic organs?

Answer 31

Rest 30% Exercise 3%

Question 32

Why do skeletal muscles see vasodilation during exercise when there is sympathetic innervation?

Answer 32

Vasodilator metabolites are released during exercise and stimulate vasodilation and win out over the sympathetic innervation

Question 33

What happens to NE levels as you exercise?

Answer 33

After reaching about 45% VO2 max it raises until it reaches 100% VO2 max. Levels of also rise the longer you exercise

Question 34

Sympathetic activation is...

Answer 34

Intensity and duration dependent