Cardiovascular System pt 4 Flashcards
What are arterial baroreceptors?
Fast acting mechano or stretch receptors to determine blood pressure. Found in the aortic arch and carotid arch
What are arterial chemoreceptors?
Sense changes in pH, PO2, PCO2 in the carotid bodies
What are carddiopulmonary receptors?
Very slow acting receptor on the venous side (RA, RV, and pulmonary artery) that informs the autonomic system of the state of blood volumes
What is extrinsic regulation of blood vessels?
Neurogenic factors (sympathetic) that receive input from baroreceptors, chemoreceptors, muscle receptors, and the trigeminal nerve
What is intrinsic regulation of blood vessels?
This is the autoregulation done by the vessels in order to maintain a constant pressure
What causes vasoconstriction in skeletal muscle vessels?
NE on alpha 1 and 2 receptors
Autoregulation
What causes vasodilation in skeletal muscle vessels?
- Products of metabolism (H, K, Pi, ADENOSINE, CO2)
- Endothelial factors (NO, prostacyclin, EDH)
- Histamine containing cells
- 5HT (seratonin)
- Ach leaked out from nearby alpha motor neurons
- autoregulation
What is the function of the endothelium of vessels?
Produce factors to aid in vasoconstriction and dilation
What are EDRFs?
Endothelial derived relaxing factors:
NO
Prostacylclin (PGI2)
EDRF K atp
What are EDCFs?
Endothelial derived constricting factors
-endothelin
How is NO derived?
By cleaving L- arginine with NOS
What are the three types of NOS isozymes?
eNOS
nNOS
iNOS
What causes coronary vasoconstriction?
NE on alpha 1 and 2 receptors
What causes coronary vasodilation?
Ach on muscarinic receptors
Vasodilator metabolites (adenosine)
Epiniphrine on beta 1 and 2 receptors in the vessel
What causes gut vasoconstriction
NE and autoregulation
