W2-L2: Aerobic Energy System Flashcards
What is the Aerobic Energy System?
- Most complex of the 3 energy systems – consists of the Krebs cycle and the electron transport chain
- Can produce ATP from any macronutrient using different pathways
- Max rate of ATP production much slower than phosphagen and anaerobic systems – dependent on aerobic capacity / fitness
What is aerobic capacity?
the maximum amount of oxygen (mls) an individual can use in 1 minute per kg body weight (ml. kg-1. min-1)
What is The aerobic system’s capacity to make ATP?
- The aerobic system’s capacity to make ATP is unlimited when adequate oxygen is available
- ATP production system of choice when body is at rest
- Can easily access carbohydrate and fat stores to meet the body’s chemical energy needs
What enters the Krebs Cycle?
What is it turned into?
Pyruvate
Acetyl CoA
What are the Products of the Krebs Cycle?
2 Pyruvates Yield:
- 2 ATP (or GTP)
- 6 NADH
- 2 FADH2
- 2 CO2
Note: 1 Glucose yields 2 Pyruvates
What are NADH and FADH2?
High energy electron carriers that transfer electrons to the ETC
NADH and FADH2 are oxidized releasing H+ and electrons
What is the ETC made up of?
Where is it?
The ETC is made up of a series of complex protein channels on inner mitochondrial membrane
4 proteins make up the channel
How does the release of H+ lead to oxidative phosphorylation? (5)
- NADH and FADH2 are oxidized releasing H+ & electrons
- Passing of electrons down the chain creates an electrochemical gradient
- H+ are forced to move from the matrix to the inner mitochondrial space
- Build up of pressure forces H+ ions through protein channel ATP synthase
- Harnesses energy to fuel the final step in ATP formation, known as oxidative phosphorylation when inorganic phosphate binds to ADP forming ATP
What is oxidative phosphorylation?
The final step in ATP formation
when inorganic phosphate binds to ADP forming ATP
Glycolosis
What is the Source, ATP Yield and Location?
Pyruvate to Acetylco A
What is the Source, ATP Yield and Location?
Krebs Cycle, ETC and Oxidative Phosphorylation
What is the Source, ATP Yield and Location?
What is the Net Production of ATP from one molecule of glucose?
Summary
Most cells in the body extract energy from carbohydrate via what four metabolic processes?
A. Glycolysis
B. Pyruvate to acetyl-CoA
C. The Krebs cycle
D. The ETC and oxidative phosphorylation
