W2-L1: CFG II

Question 1

What is the purpose of Food Labels?

What 3 things must they contain?

Answer 1

• Health Canada regulates the labelling of food products in Canada through the The Food and Drugs Act (2003)
• Food Labelling Modernization Initiative (2016) make labels clearer and more informative for consumers

1. Make nutrition labelling mandatory on most food labels (exceptions for foods like fresh fruits, vegetables
2. Update requirements for nutrient content claims e.g. “low fat,” “high in fiber”
3. Permit some diet-related health claims for foods but very strict criteria e.g. foods that help lower cholesterol

Question 2

What 7 criteria must all Nutrition facts panels include?

Answer 2

1. Serving size must be clearly defined and calories per serving must be stated
2. % Daily Value based on 2,000kcal diet
   * ≤ 5% = low source
   * ≥ 15% = high source)
3. Core nutrients: Fat, Saturated fat, Trans fat, Carbs, Fibre, Sugars, Protein, Cholesterol, Sodium, Potassium, Calcium, Iron
   * Added sugars are now a mandatory category on food labels in Canada (as of 2022)
4. Ingredients list must list all ingredients in descending order of weight
5. Food allergens like peanuts, tree nuts, dairy, eggs, etc., must also be clearly highlighted (10 in Canada)
6. Updated Daily Values: Health Canada revised the Daily Values for some nutrients (like sodium, potassium, and sugars) to reflect new scientific understanding
7. Vitamin D: increased emphasis on vitamin D, reflecting its importance in bone health and the common deficiency in Canadian diets.

Question 3

What are Key aspects that are included here?

Question 4

What is an RD? How do they receive the title?

Answer 4

• The Provincial College (e.g. College of Dietitians of British Columbia) governs the practice credential “Dietitian” or “Registered Dietitian” (RD)
• Dietitians have completed at least 4 years university training and 1 year practicum in acute clinical nutrition care, population and public health and nutrition management

Question 5

What is Sports nutrition?

How do you become a Sports Nutrition?

Answer 5

• a relatively young subdiscipline that merges nutrition and sports science research, resulting in nutrition guidelines for optimal training, performance, and recovery from exercise
• Sport nutritionists should have an MSc in Exercise Physiology or Sport Nutrition / Dietetics or registration as Board Certified Specialist in Sports Dietetics (CSSD)

Question 6

What credentials do you need to be a Nutrionist?

Answer 6

Anyone can be a nutritionist after taking an online short course. Not policed or regulated

Question 7

What are RD’s Qualified to do?

Answer 7

• RDs are qualified to provide Medical Nutrition Therapy

Good examples of what other qualified practitioners can do within scope of practice:

• encourage clients to eat lean protein and nutrient-rich vegetables and fruits
• educate clients about benefits of protein, healthy fats, & carbs
• offer clients recipes or demonstrate food prep skills
• educate them about the principles of good nutrition and provide them with behavior-based coaching to improve their eating habits
• help them choose the right foods to eat before and after workouts and encourage hydration
• share resources from recognized nutrition organizations – AIS, DC, EIS, Varsity Nutrition

Question 8

What are Non-RD’s not allowed to do?

Answer 8

• prescribe diets or supplements to treat medical and clinical conditions
• prescribe diets to treat symptoms of medical and clinical
  conditions; nor diagnose medical conditions

Question 9

What is the global inactivity among adults?

Answer 9

Question 10

CANADA’S 24 HOUR MOVEMENT
GUIDELINES AGE 18 - 64

What are the 4 S’s?

Answer 10

Question 11

What are the HEALTH BENEFITS OF >150 MIN/WK OF
MODERATE TO VIGOROUS ACTIVITY?

Answer 11

Decreased risk of:

• Premature death
• Heart disease, stoke, high blood pressure
• Certain types of cancer
• Type 2 diabetes
• Overweight and obesity

And can lead to improved:

• Fitness
• Strength
• Mental health (morale and self-esteem)

Question 12

What are the CSEP GUIDELINES FOR
ADULTS 18-64 YEARS?

Answer 12

Question 13

What is considered Aerobic Activity?

Answer 13

Large muscles move for a sustained time period

Question 14

What is considered Moderate Activity?

Answer 14

• 3 – 5.9 times the intensity of rest
• ‘brisk walking’ (5 km/hr or faster), pushing a lawn mower, hiking,skateboarding,

Question 15

What is considered Vigorous Intensity?

Answer 15

• 6 or more times the intensity of rest
• Jogging, swimming laps, bicycling 16 km/hr or faster, singles tennis

Question 16

What are the Key Components of Fitness?

Answer 16

• Cardiorespiratory endurance - a measurement of how well your heart, lungs, and muscles work together to keep your body active over an extended period of time
• Muscular endurance - the ability of a muscle (or muscle group) to sustain repeated contractions against resistance over an extended period of time
• Muscular strength - the maximum force that can be generated by a muscle (or muscle group) in a single contraction
• Flexibility - the ability to move through a joint’s ROM
• Body composition - the proportion of the body that is fat versus that made up of other components (e.g., muscle)

Question 17

What is the FITT Principle?

Answer 17

1. Frequency
2. Intensity
3. Timing
4. Type of exercise

Question 18

What is Exercise?

Answer 18

A subset of physical activity that is planned, structured, and repetitive and has as a final or an intermediate objective - the improvement or maintenance of physical fitness

• Depending on the volume of exercise, sport nutrition strategies may be warranted
• Very likely for most active individuals healthy eating messages will suffice

Question 19

REVIEW QUESTIONS

Answer 19