Vocab Words Microbio Final Flashcards
What is the biological conversion of sugar to ‘waste products’ as part of anaerobic metabolism?
Fermentation
What is the study of the cause of disease?
Etiology
What is the idea that microorganisms are responsible for disease?
Germ Theory
What are the set of steps for identifying a pathogen?
Koch’s Postulates
What is the question ‘can we fix the environment with microbes’?
Bioremediation
What are individual building blocks?
Monomers
What is formed by monomers linked together?
Polymers
What are interactions where a pair of electrons are shared between each other?
Covalent Bonds
What is a covalent bond is between two atoms with similar electronegativity, where electrons are shared evenly?
Non-Polar Covalent Bonds
What is a covalent bond is between two atoms with very different electronegativities; electrons are shared unevenly?
Polar Covalent Bonds
What is uneven sharing of bonds called?
Partial Charges
What is weak attraction between partially positive hydrogen atom and partially negative atom on another molecule?
Hydrogen Bond
What are complex ringed lipid compounds commonly found in cell membranes and as animal hormones?
Steroids
What are lipid molecules that have a hydrocarbon chain capped with carboxylic acid functional group?
Fatty acids
What is three fatty acids together on glycerol called?
Triglyceride
What is made when one anchoring point of glycerol connects to phosphate ion?
Phospholipid
What is it called when something has both polar head and nonpolar tail?
Amphipatic
What is a bunch of phospholipids together, assembled to ‘hide away’ the hydrophobic bits?
Phospholipid Bilayer
What is sequence of amino acids that are covalently linked to each other?
Primary Structure
What are bonds between amino acids?
Peptide Bonds
What is the resulting amino acid polymer because of peptide bond?
Polypeptide
What is the folding that occurs because of carboxyl and amino groups of the amino acid backbone?
Secondary Structure
What is the consequence of interactions between R-groups of amino acids in polypeptides?
Tertiary Structure
What is the interactions between polypeptides to form functioning protein called?
Quaternary Structure
What are the polymers made of nucleotide building blocks called?
Nucleic Acids
What are molecule made of 3 components called?
Nucleotide
What is specialized RNA nucleotide called?
Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)
