Vocab Words Microbio Final

Question 1

What is the biological conversion of sugar to ‘waste products’ as part of anaerobic metabolism?

Answer 1

Fermentation

Question 2

What is the study of the cause of disease?

Answer 2

Etiology

Question 3

What is the idea that microorganisms are responsible for disease?

Answer 3

Germ Theory

Question 4

What are the set of steps for identifying a pathogen?

Answer 4

Koch’s Postulates

Question 5

What is the question ‘can we fix the environment with microbes’?

Answer 5

Bioremediation

Question 6

What are individual building blocks?

Answer 6

Monomers

Question 7

What is formed by monomers linked together?

Answer 7

Polymers

Question 8

What are interactions where a pair of electrons are shared between each other?

Answer 8

Covalent Bonds

Question 9

What is a covalent bond is between two atoms with similar electronegativity, where electrons are shared evenly?

Answer 9

Non-Polar Covalent Bonds

Question 10

What is a covalent bond is between two atoms with very different electronegativities; electrons are shared unevenly?

Answer 10

Polar Covalent Bonds

Question 11

What is uneven sharing of bonds called?

Answer 11

Partial Charges

Question 12

What is weak attraction between partially positive hydrogen atom and partially negative atom on another molecule?

Answer 12

Hydrogen Bond

Question 13

What are complex ringed lipid compounds commonly found in cell membranes and as animal hormones?

Answer 13

Steroids

Question 14

What are lipid molecules that have a hydrocarbon chain capped with carboxylic acid functional group?

Answer 14

Fatty acids

Question 15

What is three fatty acids together on glycerol called?

Answer 15

Triglyceride

Question 16

What is made when one anchoring point of glycerol connects to phosphate ion?

Answer 16

Phospholipid

Question 17

What is it called when something has both polar head and nonpolar tail?

Answer 17

Amphipatic

Question 18

What is a bunch of phospholipids together, assembled to ‘hide away’ the hydrophobic bits?

Answer 18

Phospholipid Bilayer

Question 19

What is sequence of amino acids that are covalently linked to each other?

Answer 19

Primary Structure

Question 20

What are bonds between amino acids?

Answer 20

Peptide Bonds

Question 21

What is the resulting amino acid polymer because of peptide bond?

Answer 21

Polypeptide

Question 22

What is the folding that occurs because of carboxyl and amino groups of the amino acid backbone?

Answer 22

Secondary Structure

Question 23

What is the consequence of interactions between R-groups of amino acids in polypeptides?

Answer 23

Tertiary Structure

Question 24

What is the interactions between polypeptides to form functioning protein called?

Answer 24

Quaternary Structure

Question 25

What are the polymers made of nucleotide building blocks called?

Answer 25

Nucleic Acids

Question 26

What are molecule made of 3 components called?

Answer 26

Nucleotide

Question 27

What is specialized RNA nucleotide called?

Answer 27

Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)