Human Anatomy CH 25

Question 1

What are the 2 primary sex organs? What are the 2 accessory sex organs?

Answer 1

1. Testes
2. Ovaries
3. Glands
4. External Genitalia

Question 2

What is the scrotum made out of?

Answer 2

Skin and superficial fascia

Question 3

Why is the positioning of the scrotum important?

Answer 3

Positioning provides an environment 3 C cooler than body temperature

Question 4

What muscle is responsible for the wrinkling of the scrotal skin? What type of tissue is this layer made out of?

Answer 4

Dartos muscle; layer of smooth muscle

Question 5

What muscle elevates the testes? What is it composed of and what does it surround?

Answer 5

Cremaster muscle

Bands of skeletal muscles surrounding the testes

Question 6

What serous sac are the testes enclosed in?

Answer 6

Tunica vaginalis

Question 7

What is the fibrous capsule of the testes called? What does it divide the testes into?

Answer 7

Tunica albuginea

Divides testes into 250-300 lobules

Question 8

The lobules in the tunica albuginea contain _____?
HINT: How many and of what?

Answer 8

Lobules contain 1-4 coiled seminiferous tubules

Question 9

What is the comma-shaped structure on the posterior testes?

Answer 9

Epididymis

Question 10

Where do the testicular veins arise from? What does this structure function to do?

Answer 10

Pampiniform plexus

Keeps testes cool

Question 11

Which divisions of which system innervates the testes?

Answer 11

Parasympathetic and sympathetic divisions of ANS

Question 12

The Seminiferous tubules are separated by what tissue?

Answer 12

Areolar connective tissue

Question 13

What 2 cells form the epithelium of the testes?
(Include their official names and their generic cell name)

Answer 13

1. Spermatogenic cells - sperm-forming cells
2. Columnar sustentocytes - support cells

Question 14

How much sperm is formed per day? What does sperm production begin? How long does the process take?

Answer 14

1. 400 million sperm formed per day
2. Begins at puberty
3. Process takes 75 days

Question 15

What do sperm cells differentiate to during their production? Where do they move towards?
HINT: 5 types

Answer 15

Moves towards the lumen
1. Spermatogonia - stem cells
2. Primary spermatocytes
3. Secondary spermatocytes
4. Spermatids
5. Sperm

Question 16

What surrounds spermatogenic cells? They form what barrier?

Answer 16

Sustentocytes; Form the blood brain barrier

Question 17

Sustentocytes extend from _____ to the _______. They are _______ between cells.

Answer 17

Sustentocytes extend from basal lamina to the lumen. They are tight junctions between cells

Question 18

What do sustentocytes assist in? What 2 substances do they secrete?

Answer 18

Assist in sperm production
1. Testicular fluid
2. Androgen-binding protein