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Socials 9 > Vocab Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Vocab Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Anatomist

A

a dissector of dead bodies

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2
Q

Courtier

A

an attendant at a monarch’s court

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3
Q

Empire

A

a group of states or territories controlled by one country

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4
Q

Eucharist

A

the sacrament of the Last Supper in Christian theology

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5
Q

Humanism

A

a system or mode of thought in which interests predominate

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6
Q

Lectern

A

a reading desk

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7
Q

Martin Luther

A

a German religious reformer

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8
Q

Philosophy

A

the pursuit of the principles underlying all knowledge; the pursuit of wisdom

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9
Q

Protestant

A

people who belonged to Christian congregations that separated from the Roman Catholic Church during the reformation

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10
Q

Serf

A

a person attached to a lord’s land and required to give services to the lord

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11
Q

Tenant

A

a person who pays rent for the use of land to the landlord

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12
Q



Thatch

A

a roof made of straw

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13
Q

Galileo Galilei

A

He challenged the beliefs of the Roman Catholic church.

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14
Q

Martin Luther

A

He was a German religious reformer.

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15
Q

William Shakespeare

A

His plays were performed at the globe theatre.

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16
Q

Francis Bacon

A

He developed the scientific method.

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17
Q

Roman Catholic

A

Everyone believed in this religion until 1517, when people began to protest.

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18
Q

True or False; The Roman Catholic church believed that the church should not be very wealthy.

A

False, the Protestants believed that the church should have no things of value, except for the Eucharist cup.

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19
Q

Humanism

A

The religion that believes that human interests are more valuable.

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20
Q

Strip Farming

A

An inefficient method of farming

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21
Q

Microscope

A

This device was used by Anton Van Leeuwenhoek to study cell structures and tree sap.

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22
Q

Baby Trot

A

This device consisted of an axle that pivoted on a large pole.

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23
Q

True or False, literature became more popular during the renaissance.

A

True, with the growth of humanism, people had more interest in literature.

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24
Q

Tenet farmers were under the control of a Lord. True or False

A

of a Lord. True or False

False, tenet farmers began to show up while the system of lords and serfs were being disrupted.

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25
Q

Protestants

A

This religion was created after the 95 theses were nailed to a Roman Catholic church door.

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26
Q

Roman Catholic

A

Everyone believed in this religion until 1517, when people began to protest.

27
Q

The divine right of kings

A



The divine right of kings

This was thought of as “god given” and it enabled the king to have special powers, such as law making.

28
Q

True or False, Europe’s economy was based largely on agriculture.

A

True, because of the improvements in agriculture, the economy of Europe was thriving.

29
Q

The Middle class

A

This was created as the growth of trade and the economy continued.

30
Q

Philosophies

A

These were made to explain the way that the world functioned, and the meaning of life.

31
Q

True or False; The globe theatre was very tame, with a calm audience.

A

False, the audience would commonly throw apple cores and other fruits at the performers.

32
Q

Professional Armies

A

Kings began to pay for these, instead of relying on nobles for the same things.

33
Q

The idea of “Nation”

A

This surfaced when kings began to appoint average citizens into their governments.

34
Q

Everyday people and jobs

A

The industrial revolution was targeted towards these things.

35
Q

Andreas Vesalius

A

This man used the microscope to accurately improve knowledge about the human body.

36
Q

What made books more accessible to the average person?

A

The Printing Press

37
Q

Specializing

A

Farmers began to start specializing with crops: only growing one or two crops

38
Q

True or False; The economy of Europe was based largely on the sea,

A



True, Sir Walter Raleigh said that whoever controls the sea, controls the riches, and then the world.

39
Q

Renaissance

A

rebirth of fine arts, sciences, and learning in Europe- the transition between medieval to the modern world

40
Q

Middle Ages

A

the time period in European history from 500 to 1450 CE

41
Q

Reformation

A

the religious movement protesting against the Roman Catholic Church to “reform”

42
Q

Martin Luther

A

leader of the Reformation

43
Q

95 Theses

A

a documentation written by Martin Luther, listing all the flaws in the Roman Catholic church.

44
Q

Roman Catholic

A

a branch of Christianity under the hierarchical authority of the pope and based in the Latin language.

45
Q

Pope

A

the head of the Roman Catholic Church

46
Q

Protestant

A

a Christian religion founded on the principles of the Reformation, led by Martin Luther.

47
Q

Flaws of the Roman Catholic Church

A

the pope and officials were too authoritative and hypocritical- established elaborate buildings and decorations (eg. statues of Christ) within the church, and were too wealthy

48
Q

Feudal

A

a medieval hierarichal society revolving around land being the main source of wealth

49
Q

“Kingly virtues”

A

almost god-like virtues possessed by the King, implying that he is of far higher status than the people, which leads to the Divine Right of Kings

50
Q

Divine Right of Kings

A

the belief that a King’s powers as a ruler came directly from God, and was God’s representative on earth; his actions should not be questions

51
Q

Empire

A

a group of countries governed under a single authority (ex. the British empire)

52
Q

Three-field system

A

an agricultural system in which 3 fields are alternating in use, to maximize nutrients in the soil, produce, and efficiency during farming

53
Q

Humanism

A

a renaissance intellectual movement in which thinkers studied classical texts and focused on human potential and achievements- more weight on regular life, less on religion and God

54
Q

Philosophy

A

a way of thought about aspects of life

55
Q

a revolutionary invention by Gutenberg, helped spread Humanism, and other philosophical or scientific ideas during the Renaissance period. Encouraged literacy, and education, provided more opportunities for the middle class

A

a revolutionary invention by Gutenberg, helped spread Humanism, and other philosophical or scientific ideas during the Renaissance period. Encouraged literacy, and education, provided more opportunities for the middle class

56
Q

Scientific Revolution

A

the quick transformation from religious explanations to logical reasoning through science to explain the mysteries of life

57
Q

Copernicus

A

1543: developed the theory of which all the planets, including Earth, revolve around the sun

58
Q

Galileo

A

1632: proved Copernicus’s theory, but this discovery conflicted with the religious belief in an Earth-centered universe.

59
Q

Francis Bacon

A

1620: developed the scientific method

60
Q

Isaac Newton

A

1660s: developed law of gravity

61
Q

Vesalius

A

1500s: anatomist who used the microscope to improve knowledge on the human body

62
Q

Brahe

A

1570s: a Danish astronomer

63
Q

Van Leewenhoek

A

improved the early microscope

Socials 9 (68 decks)

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