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Socials 9 > Vocab Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Vocab Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Anatomist

A

a dissector of dead bodies

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2
Q

Courtier

A

an attendant at a monarch’s court

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3
Q

Empire

A

a group of states or territories controlled by one country

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4
Q

Eucharist

A

the sacrament of the Last Supper in Christian theology

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5
Q

Humanism

A

a system or mode of thought in which interests predominate

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6
Q

Lectern

A

a reading desk

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7
Q

Martin Luther

A

a German religious reformer

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8
Q

Philosophy

A

the pursuit of the principles underlying all knowledge; the pursuit of wisdom

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9
Q

Protestant

A

people who belonged to Christian congregations that separated from the Roman Catholic Church during the reformation

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10
Q

Serf

A

a person attached to a lord’s land and required to give services to the lord

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11
Q

Tenant

A

a person who pays rent for the use of land to the landlord

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12
Q



Thatch

A

a roof made of straw

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13
Q

Galileo Galilei

A

He challenged the beliefs of the Roman Catholic church.

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14
Q

Martin Luther

A

He was a German religious reformer.

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15
Q

William Shakespeare

A

His plays were performed at the globe theatre.

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16
Q

Francis Bacon

A

He developed the scientific method.

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17
Q

Roman Catholic

A

Everyone believed in this religion until 1517, when people began to protest.

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18
Q

True or False; The Roman Catholic church believed that the church should not be very wealthy.

A

False, the Protestants believed that the church should have no things of value, except for the Eucharist cup.

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19
Q

Humanism

A

The religion that believes that human interests are more valuable.

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20
Q

Strip Farming

A

An inefficient method of farming

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21
Q

Microscope

A

This device was used by Anton Van Leeuwenhoek to study cell structures and tree sap.

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22
Q

Baby Trot

A

This device consisted of an axle that pivoted on a large pole.

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23
Q

True or False, literature became more popular during the renaissance.

A

True, with the growth of humanism, people had more interest in literature.

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24
Q

Tenet farmers were under the control of a Lord. True or False

A

of a Lord. True or False

False, tenet farmers began to show up while the system of lords and serfs were being disrupted.

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25
Protestants
This religion was created after the 95 theses were nailed to a Roman Catholic church door.
26
Roman Catholic
Everyone believed in this religion until 1517, when people began to protest.
27
The divine right of kings
 The divine right of kings This was thought of as "god given" and it enabled the king to have special powers, such as law making.
28
True or False, Europe's economy was based largely on agriculture.
True, because of the improvements in agriculture, the economy of Europe was thriving.
29
The Middle class
This was created as the growth of trade and the economy continued.
30
Philosophies
These were made to explain the way that the world functioned, and the meaning of life.
31
True or False; The globe theatre was very tame, with a calm audience.
False, the audience would commonly throw apple cores and other fruits at the performers.
32
Professional Armies
Kings began to pay for these, instead of relying on nobles for the same things.
33
The idea of "Nation"
This surfaced when kings began to appoint average citizens into their governments.
34
Everyday people and jobs
The industrial revolution was targeted towards these things.
35
Andreas Vesalius
This man used the microscope to accurately improve knowledge about the human body.
36
What made books more accessible to the average person?
The Printing Press
37
Specializing
Farmers began to start specializing with crops: only growing one or two crops
38
True or False; The economy of Europe was based largely on the sea,
 True, Sir Walter Raleigh said that whoever controls the sea, controls the riches, and then the world.
39
Renaissance
rebirth of fine arts, sciences, and learning in Europe- the transition between medieval to the modern world
40
Middle Ages
the time period in European history from 500 to 1450 CE
41
Reformation
the religious movement protesting against the Roman Catholic Church to "reform"
42
Martin Luther
leader of the Reformation
43
95 Theses
a documentation written by Martin Luther, listing all the flaws in the Roman Catholic church.
44
Roman Catholic
a branch of Christianity under the hierarchical authority of the pope and based in the Latin language.
45
Pope
the head of the Roman Catholic Church
46
Protestant
a Christian religion founded on the principles of the Reformation, led by Martin Luther.
47
Flaws of the Roman Catholic Church
the pope and officials were too authoritative and hypocritical- established elaborate buildings and decorations (eg. statues of Christ) within the church, and were too wealthy
48
Feudal
a medieval hierarichal society revolving around land being the main source of wealth
49
"Kingly virtues"
almost god-like virtues possessed by the King, implying that he is of far higher status than the people, which leads to the Divine Right of Kings
50
Divine Right of Kings
the belief that a King's powers as a ruler came directly from God, and was God's representative on earth; his actions should not be questions
51
Empire
a group of countries governed under a single authority (ex. the British empire)
52
Three-field system
an agricultural system in which 3 fields are alternating in use, to maximize nutrients in the soil, produce, and efficiency during farming
53
Humanism
a renaissance intellectual movement in which thinkers studied classical texts and focused on human potential and achievements- more weight on regular life, less on religion and God 
54
Philosophy
a way of thought about aspects of life
55
a revolutionary invention by Gutenberg, helped spread Humanism, and other philosophical or scientific ideas during the Renaissance period. Encouraged literacy, and education, provided more opportunities for the middle class
a revolutionary invention by Gutenberg, helped spread Humanism, and other philosophical or scientific ideas during the Renaissance period. Encouraged literacy, and education, provided more opportunities for the middle class
56
Scientific Revolution
the quick transformation from religious explanations to logical reasoning through science to explain the mysteries of life
57
Copernicus
1543: developed the theory of which all the planets, including Earth, revolve around the sun
58
Galileo
1632: proved Copernicus's theory, but this discovery conflicted with the religious belief in an Earth-centered universe.
59
Francis Bacon
1620: developed the scientific method
60
Isaac Newton
1660s: developed law of gravity
61
Vesalius
1500s: anatomist who used the microscope to improve knowledge on the human body
62
Brahe
1570s: a Danish astronomer
63
Van Leewenhoek
improved the early microscope

Socials 9 (68 decks)

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