Chp3: Vocabulary Review

Question 1

lavishly

Answer 1

in an expensive manner, spending or owning much more than is necessary

Question 2

feudal system

Answer 2

the economic and social system of medieval Europe. Lords received land from the ruler and serfs worked the land for the lord

Question 3

illiterate

Answer 3

unable to read

Question 4

privileged

Answer 4

having special rights and benefits not given to all people

Question 5

philosophes

Answer 5

educated people who had theories about society and government

Question 6

absolute monarchy

Answer 6

rule by a sovereign with unlimited power, one who is above the law

Question 7

democracy

Answer 7

a government that answers to the wishes of the people

Question 8

tithe

Answer 8

one tenth of one’s annual income or produce from land

Question 9

bias

Answer 9

favoring one viewpoint without reason

Question 10

artisan

Answer 10

a craftsperson

Question 11

inflation

Answer 11

a situation in which the price of goods rises quickly

Question 12

monopoly

Answer 12

the exclusive right to sell a product to a group of people

Question 13

tariff

Answer 13

a tax

Question 14

toll

Answer 14

a charge to use a road or bridge

Question 15

infrastructure

Answer 15

the roads, canals, and other means of communication and travel within a country

Question 16

to simulate

Answer 16

to recreate

Question 17

Calvinist

Answer 17

Protestants who followed the strict philosophy of John Calvin

Question 18

deficit

Answer 18

the money the government is short each year after it pays its bills

Question 19

scandal

Answer 19

something that draws public attention and criticism

Question 20

portfolio

Answer 20

the area of responsibility of a government official, for example defense or the budget

Question 21

catalyst

Answer 21

something that helps other things to change

Question 22

salon

Answer 22

a meeting of intellectuals to discuss exciting ideas

Question 23

reason

Answer 23

the ability to think critically and draw logical conclusions

Question 24

bigotry

Answer 24

prejudice

Question 25

censored

Answer 25

something one is forbidden to see, hear or read

Question 26

republican government

Answer 26

a government in which all power rests with the citizens who vote to elect their leader

Question 27

bloc

Answer 27

a group

Question 28

mercenary

Answer 28

a paid soldier

Question 29

cockade

Answer 29

an ornament worn on top of a hat

Question 30

chateau

Answer 30

the mansions and great estates of the rich

Question 31

constitution

Answer 31

a document that sets out the major laws and principles of a government

Question 32

emigres

Answer 32

people who leave one country for another

Question 33

radical

Answer 33

someone who wants major change quickly

Question 34

speculator

Answer 34

a person who deals in products and hopes to take advantage of sudden rise or fall in prices

Question 35

allegiance

Answer 35

a formal declaration of loyalty

Question 36

logo

Answer 36

a graphic symbol often used in advertising

Question 37

scaffold

Answer 37

the raised platform for the guillotine or gallows