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Socials 9 > Chapter 3 Review > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Review Flashcards

0
Q

Who was Robespierre

A

He ruled France with the powers of a dictator. He executed many people. He started the reign of terror, and he eventually was executed

He was against the death penalty but killed many people then they killed him

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1
Q

Who was Marat

A

He was the leader of the sans-culottes

He was killed in a bathtub

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2
Q

Who was Montesquieu

A

He believed that a ruler must work with elected parliament. European monarchs did not embrace this idea.

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3
Q

Who was Voltaire

A

He was the most famous philosophe he was against church and wanted freedom of thought, he believed in an absolute monarchy but he hated injustice.

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4
Q

Who was Rousseau

A

He believed society needed a social contract
-each citizen would agree to follow the majority vote

-believed in natural law ( people are naturally good but modern society destroyed all those with a good will )

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5
Q

Who was Louis XIV (14)

A

He was known as the sun king the centre of all French life and culture, he believed he was the source of light in the nation

he ruled for 72 years

He made a palace in Versailles in southwest Paris for all the nobles to live with him. Everything Louis did there was an audience

He made the nobles take ballet lessons so they could move more gracefully

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6
Q

Who was Louis the XV

A

When Louis XIV died Louis XV came to power at the age of 5

The extravagances of the court and the failure to reform economic and social life continued to push France towards disaster

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7
Q

Louis XVI

A

He was not prepared to be king he was to nice to deal with all the horrible problems he had good intentions

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8
Q 
Order of events 
The monarchy is overthrown 
Tennis court oath is pledged 
Robespierre fall
The directory meets
A
  1. The tennis court oath is pledged
  2. The monarchy is overthrown
  3. Robespierre falls
  4. The directory meets
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9
Q 
Order of events 
The monarchy is overthrown 
The reign of terror begins
Louis XVI becomes king 
The Bastille falls
A
  1. Louis XVI becomes king.
  2. The Bastille falls.
  3. The monarchy is overthrown.
  4. The rain of terror begin
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10
Q

What were the conditions in pre-Revolutionary France

A

France was organized like a pyramid king at top peasants at bottom

Most farmers owned only small plots of land and still used medieval farming methods

Peasants worked hard but most have a little money

Writers of the time described their existence as brutal

Peasants were forced to spend part of their time working on the Lord’s property and on government projects. They were not allowed to kill or drive away animals that could destroy their crops

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11
Q

What were the inflation affects

A

Inflation is when the price of goods rise really quickly and it made flower expensive and bread was a staple diet for French people

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12
Q

What were the conditions of peasants

A

Peasant Farmers only owned small plots of land and used medieval farming methods they did not produce a lot of crops

Writers of the time described their existence as brutal they were victims of famine

Peasants were forced to spend part of the time working on the Lord’s property and On government projects they weren’t allowed to kill animals that tried to eat their crops and the aristocrats could plow through their crops and owed the peasants nothing

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13
Q

Louis XIV and how he ruled

A

He believed that he was the source of all light in the nation. nobles were invited to all the ceremonies of the Royal day such as the Royal getting up. his word was law, he depended solely on his own judgement.

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14
Q

Louis XIV ballet

A

Louis made all the Nobles take ballet in order to learn how to move more gracefully in the presence of the king

If you messed up you could lose your housing in Versailles

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15
Q

Louis XVI laws in France

A

Laws were different in different parts of the country some laws are based on ancient Roman laws.

For example the laws in the Paris region called custom of Paris

Every border you had to pay taxes

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16
Q

Mary Antoinette let them eat cake

A

Mary Antoinette did not actually say let them eat cake it was just a rumor

She was kinda stupid and didn’t really understand what was going on

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17
Q

Who were the philosophes

A

Philosophes were women and men who met to discuss society and politics and the solution to social problems

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18
Q

What were Rousseaus ideas

A

He believed that society needed a social contract example citizens needed to agree on the majority

He believed in natural law: everyone was good but society killed everyone’s good will

19
Q

What were the Actions of the third estate

A

They quit the estates general and made the tennis court oath

They kept meeting until France had a new form of government

Louis got the other two estates to join the national ensembly it seemed the French Revolution had been a success

20
Q

What were the reformers goals?

A

They wanted change

They wanted a form of democracy

Rights protecting the freedom of an individual

They wanted less power for the king

21
Q

What was the National Assembly seating arrangement

A

On the left there was the jacobins and on the right there were the Girondists

22
Q

What were the actions of the Paris mob

A

Actions of the mob were violent and unpredictable.

It supported some extreme measures that supported that resulted in the reign of terror

23
Q

Louis XVI was executed after he agreed to the demands of the reformists why?

A

The king said yes yes yes we will do that they executed because

Louis XVI was not trust worthy because he had said yes yes yes before and not followed through

They killed him because he blamed the jocobins for what had gone wrong in France

They also thought the monarchy was no longer useful so they killed him because they didn’t need him.

The king was resisting and obstructing the revolution

Louis wouldn’t stop interfering so they didn’t know what else to do and wanted to start off with a clean plate

His wife was Austrian and they didn’t like that

24
Q

Peasants in the country side

A

Peasants in the country side see medieval farming methods

The farmers weren’t allowed to stop animals and the lords could go on hunting trips and destroy the wheat and not pay anything

Were forced to work on government land and projects

They were uneducated could not read or write had to pay taxes and give 10% of their income to the church

25
Q

The march on Versailles

A

Women of March to Versailles as they march the women were joined by hundreds of other followers

They were covered in mud from their walk and then attacked the national assembly and went into Versailles

The king and queen had to agree to go back to Paris

26
Q

What rights did the declaration of rights give

A

The declaration of rights guaranteed: freedom of thought, speech, security, and property, and it put limits on the power of the government

27
Q

How were people executed in this time

A

People were executed by the guillotine

28
Q

National Convention

A

The new elected parliament put the king on trial for his life

They turned him into a regular citizen and then chopped his head off via guillotine

29
Q

Was the response to revolution from the other European nations

A

Rich people left and tried to get support to try and get the monarchs power back. They were afraid of revolution and tried to preserve the French monarchy

Many monarchy’s were afraid that they would be killed Spain and britan battled the French to preserve their monarchy

30
Q

Reign of terror

A

The terror was designed to stop un revolutionaries

The reign of terror started when Louis 16 th was killed

Robespierre was the leader of the reign of terror

31
Q

Why were the philosophes important to the French Revolution

A

They were important because

  1. They helped shape the revolution
  2. They helped with the rights in the deceleration of rights (freedom of thought, speech, religion)
  3. They would talk about science. “If you can’t see it, it’s not real”
  4. The philosophes said all the ideas, they were the smarts of the French Revolution.
  5. Their movement was called the enlightenment
32
Q

What did the philosophes want in the form of a ruler

A

They did not want a monarch they wanted a republic.

33
Q

What was the financial state of the peasants

A

Not many peasants were well of most were poor.

34
Q

What was the financial state of people in cities in France

A

Most people were poor

35
Q

Did anyone have monopolys on goods

A

Only some people had monopolys on goods.

36
Q

Was Louis XIV a peace loving king?

A

No he was not a peace loving king

37
Q

T or f Louis XVI did not have the support of the middle class

A

True Louis did not have the support of the middle class

38
Q

What did the French reformers want in the form of governing

A

They wanted a limited democracy

39
Q

What did the general estates want?

A

They wanted more power for themselves and less for the king

40
Q

What did the mob do?

A

The mob attacked the Bastille and let out everyone

41
Q

What did the people in the countryside do

A

The farmers attacked the nobles chateaus

42
Q

When the women stormed the Bastille what was the outcome

A

The government has to move to Paris

43
Q

Why did the new government fail

A

They failed because there were too many groups that wanted different things.

44
Q

Who were the sans couloirs

A

They were poor people from the city

45
Q

Who controlled the government after the reign of terror ended?

A

The middle class ran the government after the reign of terror

Socials 9 (68 decks)

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