Viticulture Terms Flashcards
What is berry set
Just after flowering when each fertilized flower becomes a berry
What is bud break?
(Débourrement)The first new green tissue emerges from each bud
What is budswell?
Buds become larger indicating the onset of budbreak
What is a clone?
An offspring that is genetically identical to its parent. Obtained through vegetative propagation from cuttings
What is a crossing?
An offspring created by breeding two different grape varieties
What is flowering? or Anthesis?
(Floraison) Pollen is released and fertilization occurs. Wine grapevines self-pollinate so insects are not required for pollination
What is a graft union?
Scar tissue where the rootstock and scion were grafted
What is a green drop?
A crop-thinning pass made just after veraison to remove less ripe, green clusters
What is Millerandage?
Grape clusters with berries that vary in size and number of seeds. Caused by cold weather at flowering, mineral deficiency, or disease. Results in reduced yields and uneven ripening. Also known as hens and chicks.
What is a hybrid?
An offspring created by breeding two different grape species
What is inflorescence?
A cluster of flowers that, after berry set, becomes a grape cluster.
What is leafing?
(Effeuillage) Leaves are removed from the canopy to reduce disease pressure, or increase the amount of sunlight on the fruit
What is pruning?
(Taille) Excess wood is removed from the dormant vine, strategically leaving only buds that will produce shoots this year
What is rootstock?
(Porte-greffe) The portion of the vine in contact with the soil. Rootstocks are typically phylloxera resistant.
What is a scion?
To combat phylloxera, grapevines are comprised of two vines that have been grafted together. The scion is the portion of the vine above ground and is typically species Vitis vinifera.
What are shot berries?
Small, hard, green berries that contain no seeds
What is suckering?
Removing small, unwanted shoots that grow from latent buds on the trunk and cordon
What is topping?
Hedging the top of the vine to prevent it from growing taller
What is uneven set?
(Coulure) Occurs when a significant number of berries do not set after flowering. Caused by cold weather during flowering or mineral deficiency. Results in reduced yields.
What is véraison?
Marks the start of ripening in the berries. Red grapes change color from green to red, sugar and flavor accumulation begins, acid is degraded, and the berry softens.
What is vitis berlandieri?
A species of grape commonly used for rootstock. Good for limestone soils but does not graft well.
What is vitis riparia
A species of grape commonly used for rootstock. Tolerates wet soils, has a devigorating effect on the vine, and induces early ripening.
What is vitis rupestris?
A species of grape commonly used for rootstock. Drought tolerant, high vigor, and induces late ripening.
What is vitis vinifera?
A species of grape generally used for winemaking
