Viticulture Flashcards
Term for the portion of the vine that includes branches, leaves, and fruit
Canopy
Term used for the process where an unrooted cutting is inserted into the trunk of an existing vine
Field Grafting
Ideal degrees of latitude for commercial viticulture
Between 30-50 degrees for northern and southern hemisphere
Ideal weather conditions for flowering
Warm and dry (rain or wind can hinder fertilization)
Term used for the transition from flower to berry
Berry set or fruit set
Condition where many flowers do not develop into grapes
Coulure (“shatter”)
Abnormal fruit set resulting in many small, seedless berries in the grape bunches
Millerandage
The onset of the ripening of the grapes
Veraison
Typical time period from bud break to harvest
140-160days
The process by which sunlight is used by the vine to create sugar
Photosynthesis
Process by which water evaporates through the openings in the vine’s leaves
Transpiration
Process by which sugars are broken down and used by the vine as energy
Respiration
Process by which materials are moved from one area of a plant to another
Translocation
French term for the combined natural factors of a vineyard
Terroir
Root-eating louse that almost killed off the great vineyards of Europe (and then the world)
Phylloxera
Type of vine training that does not use a trellis system
Head training or bush training
Type of vine training where vines are trained up a tall support
Pergola
Type of cane-pruned vine training system using one cane from each vine, each trained in the same direction
Guyot
Type of spur-trained vine system with branches from each vine trained along a wire
Cordon
Philosophy of viticulture often credited to Rudolf Steiner
Biodynamics
The vine’s branches, while they are young and pliable
Canes
Vines begin to decline at this age
20 years
Minimum temperature required to begin the emergence of new greenery in the spring
50 degrees F
Sap flowing upward from the trunk out to the canes (before the emergence of new greenery)
Weeping
At the beginning of the growth cycle of the vine - tiny shoots emerge
Bud Break
Transition from flower to berry
Fruit Set (Berry Set)
Bacterial disease spread via the glassy winged sharpshooter
Pierce’s Disease
Fungal disease also known as oidium
Powdery Mildew
Fungal disease also known as peronospora
Downy Mildew
Root-eating louse of great threat to vineyards
Phylloxera
Two main “approaches” to pruning
Spur (cordon) pruning
Cane pruning
Vine training system that does not use supports nor trellises
Head training (bush training) (gobelet)
Vine training system that guides vines up a tall support
Pergola
Vine training system that guides one (or two) canes or cordons along a trellis
Guyot
(3) Examples of divided-canopy systems
Geneva Double Curtain
Lyre
Scott Henry
VSP
Vertical shoot positioning
