Vitamin K Flashcards
What is vitamin K required for?
to synthesize many of the calcium binding proteins of the body, allows formation of gamma carboxyl groups on glutamate
What species group needs vitamin K supplemented in their diets?
monogastrics
What are dietary sources of vitamin K?
leafy greens
What is a synthetic version of vitamin K?
menadione
What does vitamin K deficiency cause?
coagulation time increases, hemorrhages often occur
What interferes with regeneration of the reduced form of vitamin K?
vitamin K antagonists
What is an example of a vitamin K antagonist?
dicoumarol and warfarin
Dicoumarol and warfarin are used in rodenticides, how do they work?
they block regeneration of the reduced form of vitamin K after it is oxidized to make gamma carboxyglutamate
What is sweet clover poisoning?
a hemorrhagic disease caused by ingesting significant amounts of sweet clover and other plants in the clover family
What species does sweet clover poisoning affect?
cows, sheeps, and horses
How does sweet clover poisoning create vitamin K deficiency?
if the sweet clover becomes moldy and spoils it ruins coumarins and they become dicoumarol
What blocks the delivery of vitamin K from the diet to the liver?
fish oil
Which species is sensitive to blockage of vitamin K delivery?
cats because their food contains a lot of fish
How do antibiotics affect vitamin K production?
long term treatment reduces microbial production of vitamin K in ruminants
How do non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs lead to vitamin K deficiency?
they displace anti-coagulant proteins in blood
