Vitamin K Flashcards
How was vitamin K discovered
chicks with low-fat, low-cholesterol diets increased hemorrhagic risk, which was corrected with vitamin D
where does vitamin K’s name come from
Koagulation in danish –> Coagulation
what are the sources of vitamin K
green leafy vegetables, broccoli, turnips, kale, spinach, brussel sprouts, asparagus, green beans, avocado, kiwi, peanut butter, soybeans
what are the forms of vitamin K
Vitamin K1 which are phylokenones and vitamin K2 which are menaquionone
where does phyloquinones come from
plant based foods
where do maoquinones come from
colonic bacteria, fish, eggs, butter, supplements
how are phylloquinones digested?
They don’t require digestion!
How are phylloquinones absorbed
diffusion passively into jejunum of the SI once incorportated into bile and michelle, some use active transport
what will enhance the absorption of phylloquinones
bile and pancreatic juices
How are menaquinones absorbed?
via passive diffusion in ileum and LI
Once inside the liver, how is vitamin K transported
via VLDL
What are the deficiency S/S of vitamin K
increase risk of fractures, excessive bleeding, BP regulation, hemmorrhaging, intracranail bleeding in infants, fat-soluble vitamin malabsorption.
what are the populations most at trisk for vitamin K deficiency
Individuals who chronically use antibiotics, GI malabsorptive disorders (CF, Jaundice, Chrohn’s, Pancreatitis, Liver Disease)
What are the toxicity S/S of vitamin K
phylloquinones and menaquinones do not have toxicity, but menadione, a synthetic vitamin K may cause hemolytic anemia and liver damage when taken in high doses
What is the AI for Vitamin K
120-190ug/day
