Main Functions of Vitamins/Minerals

Question 1

Vitamin C Function

Answer 1

Hydroxylation Cosubstrate, Antioxidant, College Synth, Tyrosine Metabolism, Carnitine Synth for B ox

Question 2

Thiamin/Vitamin B1 Function

Answer 2

Decarboxylation reactions (including aketogluterate to succinyl coA & pyruvate to acetylcoA), Produce BCAA, Transketolase of pentose pathway, regulate Ca channels, and myelin sheath growth

Question 3

Riboflavin/Vitamin B2 Function

Answer 3

Redox Reactions (pyruvate dehydrogenase, succinyl dehydrogenase, Complex 1 and 3 or ETC), B6 and Choline Metabolism, Folate activation from methylation, gluathione antioxidant, tyrosine to niacin, beta oxidation

Question 4

Niacin/Vitamin B3 Functions

Answer 4

Redox Reactions (krebs NADH, complex I of ETC), Produce ADP-ribose and second messenger for posttranslational modification, DNA repair via PARP, acetylation causing gene expression, vasodilation, cholesterol synth, folate metabolism

Question 5

Panothenic Acid/B5 Functions

Answer 5

Part of CoenzymeA (acetylCoA, succinylCoA, MalonylCo,A, HMG-CoA), lysine degregation, Acyl Carrier Protein (ACP) for FA synthesis to stabilize and extend FA chains

Question 6

Biotin/B7 Functions

Answer 6

Carboxylation Reactions (acetylCoA to MalonylCoA for FA ox and synth & pyruvate carboxylase for oxaloacetate to malate/gluconeogenesis/krebs & propinylCoA carboxylase [ alphketobutryate to propinylCoA to succinylCoA]) and Gene Expression

Question 7

Vitamin B6 Functions

Answer 7

Increase lipid metabolism, glycogen breakage, transamination, deamination, serine to glycine via methyl cleavage, methionine to cystein via transulfydration, tryptophan to niacin, testosterone signal and muscle growth, heme synthesis