Vitamin D Flashcards
What is another name for vitamin D
Calciferol
what are some general sources of vitamin D
fatty fish, milk, yogurt, cheese
what are some excellent sources of vitamin D
cod liver oil, swordfish, salmon, sardines, tuna, fortified yogurt
what are some good sources of Vitamin D
egg yolk, beef liver
what is 1 IU of vitamin D
1 IU equals 0.025ug vitamin D
what is 1 ug of vitamin D
40IU
What are the two forms of Vitamin D
D2 - Ergocalciferol and D3 - Cholecalciferol
Which form of vitamin D is found within the dermis and epidermis
7-dehydrocholesterol (D3)
How does your body receive Vitamin D from sunlight?
Exposure to the sun absorbes photons, causes B ring to open and creates previtamin D3. Then this rearranges to synthesize cholecalcieferol through thermal isolerization
How is vitamin D digestion
it does not require digestion
where is vitamin D stored
blood, adipose, muscle
Where is vitamin D absorbed
Jejunum and Duodenum
what is the absorption rate of Vitamin D
50%
Describe the metabolism of Vitamin D
In the liver, vitamin D is hydroxylated on the 25th Carbon to make 25-hydroxycholecalciferol. This inactive form travels to blood to the kidneys where they form 1-25 dihydroxycholecalciferol, which is he activated form of the vitamin.
When is PTH released from the kidneys
hen blood calcium concentrations are low
What are the S/S of Rickets
curved spine, bowed legs, locked knees, bone pain, delay age of standing/walking, frequent falls, delayed growth, neuromuscular irritability, hypocalcemia seizures
What is Rickets
failure for bone to mineralize as they develop in children
what is osteomalaica
failure to mineralize already fortified bones
what are the S/S of osteomalacia
bone pain, joint pain, increased fracture risk, muscle weakness/pain, unstable gait
what are the toxicity S/S of Vitamin D
Hypercalciuria, hyperphosphatemia, calcinosis
What are the S/S of Calcinosis
Hypertension, Headache, Renal Dysfunction including polyuria, polydipsia, nephrolithiasis, and heart damage
What are the S/S of Infant Vitamin D toxicity
Anorexia, N/V, hypertension, renal insufficiency, failure to thrive
what is the RDA for Vitamin D
Children: 600IU, Adults 600IU, Adults older than 70: 800IU, Pregnant/Lactating: 600IU
What is the TUL for Vitamin D
4,000IU/10,000IU
