Vitamin B9/Folate Flashcards
When was Folate discovered
1870s and 80s by Mitchell
How was folate discovered
finding a cure for megaloblastic anemia
What are some excellent sources of folate
cooked lentils, spinach, asparagus, brocolli
What are some good sources of folate
brussel sprouts, greens, kidney beans
what is folate structure
3 part: 2-amino-4 hydroxypteridine, 2-para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) and glutamic acid
How are glutamates connected to PABA
gamma peptide bonds
what is folic acid structure
monoglutamate (only one glutamate attached to PABA)
Folate digestion is based on an exopeptidase in the brush border dependent on what mineral
zinc
what transporter is used in the intestines to transport folate
proton-coupled folate transporter (PCFT)
PCFT is
facilitated, has high affinitiy, is found in proximal jejunum and duodenum
Folate is digested by these enzymes
folate hydrolases, pteroylpolyglutamate hydrolases, folly gamma glutamyl conjugases, and carboxypeptidases.
How much folate is stored and where is most of it stored
7-30mg, 50% stored in liver
what is folate deficiency called
megaloblastic macrocytic anemia
what are the s/s of folate deficiency
fatigue, headaches, weakness, irritability, difficult concentrating, shortness of breath, heart palpitations, bright red tongue, glossitis, short villi height in GI
what are the s/s of folate toxicity
15g has shown insomnia, malaise, irritability, GI distress.
what is the RDA for folate
400ug DFE
what is the folate RDA for pregnant women
600ug DFE
what is the folate RDA for lactating women
500ug DFE
what are the folate TUL for adults
1,000ug of synthetic folic acid
how are some ways to assess status of folate
plasma folate, serum folate, FIGLU excretion measured from 6-hr urine collection after histidine intake, deoxyuridine supression test, plasma homocysteine concentrations.
What is 1 DFE (equation)
1 DRE = ug food folate + (1.7 x ug folic acid)
1 DFE of folic acid supplement/ fortified foods
0.6 ug
1 DFE of folic acid supplement on an empty stomach
0.5ug
