Vitamin E

Question 1

How was vitamin E discovered

Answer 1

rats given rancid lard could not reproduce, but could after providing them with wheat germ.

Question 2

What are some excellent sources of vitamin E

Answer 2

wheat germ oil, sunflower seeds, almonds, sunflower oil, safflower oil, hazelnuts

Question 3

What are some good sources of Vitamin E

Answer 3

avocado, broccoli, kiwi

Question 4

What are the forms of Vitamin E

Answer 4

alpha, beta, gamma, delta tocopherol and alpha, beta, gamma, delta tocotrienol

Question 5

How are tocotrienols digested

Answer 5

Hydrolyzed by pancreatic esterase and duodenal mucousal esterase

Question 6

How is vitamin E absorbed

Answer 6

via passive diffusion in the jejunum, incoprorated in chylomicrons, HDL, LDL

Question 7

Give an example of a vitamin E transporter

Answer 7

NPC1L1 (gamma tocotrienol)

Question 8

What are the S/S of Vitamin E deficiency

Answer 8

ataxia, peripheral neuropathy, loss of coordination, skeletal muscle pain (myopathy), weakness

Question 9

What populations are at a higher risk of vitamin E deficiency

Answer 9

fat malabsorption (cystic fibrosis, hepatobiliary disorders, genetic defects) and hemolytic anemia

Question 10

How does one assess vitamin E status

Answer 10

Plasma alpha tocopherol, erythrocyte hemylosis

Question 11

What assessment indicates deficiency

Answer 11

plasma alpha tocopherol <5mg/L

Question 12

What assessment indicates toxicity

Answer 12

plasma alpha tocopherol >20mg/L

Question 13

What are the S/S of Vitamin E Toxicity

Answer 13

GI distress, nausea, diarrhea, flatulence, muscle weakness, fatigue, double vision

Question 14

What is the RDA for vitamin E

Answer 14

Adults 15mg, Lactating 19mg

Question 15

What is the TUL for vitamin E

Answer 15

200-800mg intake

Question 16

1IU of vitamin D equal

Answer 16

0.67mg