Niacin / Vitamin B3 Flashcards
How was niacin discovered?
high prevalence of pellagra in southeast US, where corn was heavily eaten
when and who isolated niacin
Evehjem in 1937
what are the general sources of niacin
meats, fish, enriched cereal, bread, whole grains, seeds, legumes
what are excellent sources of niacin
yellow fin tuna, veal loin, Atlantic salmon, chicken breast, halibut
what are some good sources of niacin
peanuts, enriched spaghetti
how much tryptophan in 1mg niacin
60mg
what is the name of niacin deficiency
pellegra
what are the four general characteristics of pellagra
dementia, dermatitis, diarrhea, death
what are the dermatological manifestations of niacin defieicency
casal’s collar/necklace, scaly, sunburnt skin
what re the neurological manifestations of niacin deficiency
headache, apathy, fatigue, loss of memory, peripheral neuropathy, dementia, confusion, disorientation
what are the GI manifestations of niacin deficiency
glossitis, cheilosis, angular stomatitis, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
how to assess niacin status
plasma concentration (0.5-8.5ug/mL), presence of 2-pyridone concentrations, or urinary excretion
what measurement shows deficiency in urinary analysis
0.8mg/day of N’ methyl nicotinamide or 0.5mg/day fo N’methylnicotinamide PER 1 g creatinine
what measurement shows excess niacin in the urinary analysis
> 1.6mg/1g creatinine
what are the s/s of toxicity of niacin
vasodilation, redness/flushing, burning, itching, tingling skin, headaches, hearburn, nausea, vomiting
