Vitamin B1/Thiamin Flashcards
who/when was thiamin discovered
C. Eijkeman in late 1800s
how was thiamin discovered
neurological symptoms in foul that only ate corn
who isolated thiamin and when
Casmir Funk in 1912
who identified thiamin’s structure and when
R. Williams in 1930s
what are some excellent sources of thiamin
pork loin, pasta, egg noodles, enriched bagel
what are some good sources of thiamin
salmon, lentils, beans, sunflower seeds
what are some general sources of thiamin
legumes, cereals, nuts, grain products.
What is the name of thiamin deficiency
Beriberi
what are the symptoms of dry beriberi
peripheral neuropathy, muscle weakness, cramping
what are the symptoms of wet beriberi
cardiomegaly, tachycardia, right side heart failure, peripheral edema
what are the symptoms of acute beriberi
anorexia, nausea, vomiting, tachycardia, lactic acidosis, cariomegaly
what are the symptoms of alcohol related beriberi
Wernicke’s encephalopathy, ophthalmoplegia, nystagmus, ataxia, confusion
how do you assess thiamin status
serum TDP concentration (70-180nmol/L), blood thiamin concentration (2.5-7.5ug/dL)
What are the toxicity s/s of thiamin
skin irritation, headache, convulsions, cardiac arrhythmia, anaphylactic shock
how much oral intake of thiamin to experience toxic intake
500mg
what is the RDA for thiamin for men
1.2mg/day
what is the RDA for thiamin for women
1.4mg/day
what is the RDA for thiamin for pregnant women
1.4mg/day
what is the RDA for thiamin for lactating women
1.5mg/day
What are the main functions of thiamin?
energy production as coenzyme in pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, aketagluterate dehydrogenase complex, and oxidative decarboxylation of isoleucin, leucine, and valine to CoA metabolites. Also used in interconversion of phosphorylated sugars, , generates NADPH, and regulates Na channels, chlorid transport for nervous system function.
This molecule, which requires thiamin is used to make the neurotransmitter acetylcholine and myelin
Acetyl CoA
Thiamin is a prostetic group for ___________ and is used in the ___________.
transketolase, pentose pathway
