Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharmacy (year one) > Viruses > Flashcards

Viruses Flashcards

1
Q

What is meant by “viruses are acellular”?

A

They need another organism to survive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Viruses come in a variety of shapes but the individual subunits are identical. True or false?

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Do viruses generate ATP?

A

No

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What does the structure of a virus consist of?

A

Protein coat (capsid)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

The capsid is composed of __________

A

capsomeres

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the two geometrical forms of a virus?

A

Icosahedral

Helical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Do all viruses have envelopes and tails?

A

No, some do, some don’t

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Viruses only have one type of nucleic acid. What can this be?

A

ssDNA or dsDNA OR

ssRNA or dsRNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How can viral replication be observed?

A

Observe host lysis (plaque formation)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

For viruses to replicate, they require a host. True or false?

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the routes of transmission for viruses?

A 
Respiratory transmission
Faecal-oral transmission
Blood-borne transmission
Sexual transmission
Animal or insect transmission
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Some viruses have affinity to specific tissues. True or false?

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

CD4+ cells are infected by ____

A

HIV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What happens when cells are infected by a virus?

A

Cell destruction
Virus-induced changes to gene expression
Immunopathogenic disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How is influenza A virus spread?

A

Respiratory route

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Influenza A alters cytokine expression, leading to fever. True or false?

A

True

17
Q

Are antivirals able to enter cells infected with a virus?

A

Yes

18
Q

How do antivirals work?

A

They interfere with viral nucleic acid synthesis and/or regulation

19
Q

Antiviral drugs are used to treat infections caused by viruses including HIV. True or false?

A

False - treat infections caused by viruses other than HIV. Antiretroviral drugs are used to treat infections caused by HIV

20
Q

Why is amantadine a narrow spectrum drug?

A

Only works against Influenza A

21
Q

Amantadine is used prophylactically when a vaccine is not available. True or false?

A

True

22
Q

Taking amantadine doesn’t stop you from getting an infection, it just reduces your recovery time. True or false?

A

True

23
Q

Aciclovir suppresses the replication of which viruses?

A

HSV1
HSV2
VZV (Varicella)

24
Q

Oseltamivir and Zanamivir are active against which types of influenza?

A

A and B

25
Q

What are High Active Antiretroviral Drugs?

A

Include at least three medications which work in different ways to reduce the viral load

26
Q

What are the three different types of TSEs?

A

Infectious
Sporadic
Familial

27
Q

What are the characteristics of TSEs?

A

transmissible
relentlessly progressive and inevitably fatal
long incubation periods
no antibody response
no fever (afebrile)
neuronal vacuolation (plaques in the brain)

28
Q

Prions are larger than viruses. True or false?

A

False - smaller

29
Q

What is the normal protein in a prion?

A

PrPc - found at the cell surface in plasma membrane

30
Q

The normal protein of a prion is easily soluble and easily digested by proteases. True or false?

A

True

31
Q

The secondary structure of a normal protein of a prion is dominated by beta conformation. True or false?

A

False - alpha helices

32
Q

What is the abnormal protein of a prion?

A

PrPsc

33
Q

What is the difference between a normal and abnormal protein in a prion?

A

The secondary structure in an abnormal protein is dominated by beta conformations whereas in a normal protein it is dominated by alpha helices

34
Q

What is a similarity between a normal and abnormal protein in a prion?

A

They have the same amino acid sequence and primary structure

35
Q

What happens when a PrPsc contacts a PrPc?

A

It converts it into the abnormal form

36
Q

The abnormal protein is easily digested by proteases. True or false?

A

False - highly resistant

37
Q

What are the two different types of atypical BSE prions?

A

H-type

L-type

Pharmacy (year one) (60 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions