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Pharmacy (year one) > Epidemiology of infectious disease > Flashcards

Epidemiology of infectious disease Flashcards

1
Q

What is infectious disease epidemiology?

A

The study of spread, occurrence and control of disease within a defined population group

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2
Q

What is meant by the period of communicability?

A

When you are infectious to other people

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3
Q

What is infection?

A

Pathogen establishes itself in host

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4
Q

What is the latent period?

A

After the pathogen establishes itself but before it causes infection

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5
Q

What is incubation?

A

Period between infection and the onset of symptoms

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6
Q

What is disease?

A

When you develop symptoms

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7
Q

What is the difference between horizontal and vertical transmission?

A

Horizontal is spread in a non-parent - child relationship - it is direct.
Vertical is spread from the mother to the child e.g. via placenta, baby milk, during birth

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8
Q

What is direct transmission of disease?

A

Person to person spread or propagated

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9
Q

What is indirect transmission of disease?

A

Transmission via inanimate or animate means e.g. vectors, fomites and vehicles

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10
Q

Vectors like to feed on ______. They carry the infectious agent from one person to another

A

blood

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11
Q

What are fomites?

A

Inanimate objects e.g. bedding, surgical equipment

When they are contaminated, they can transfer the pathogen to the host

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12
Q

What are vehicles?

A

Non-living source of pathogens that infect large numbers of individuals e.g. food/water

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13
Q

Which type of transmission is a common sources of epidemics?

A

Indirect transmission

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14
Q

What are reservoirs?

A

Sites in which viable infectious agents normally reside, multiply in and rely upon for their survival. i.e. the natural habitat of the infectious disease - such as humans, animals

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15
Q

What is zoonosis?

A

When animals transmit infectious agents to humans

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16
Q

What is meant by human carriers?

A

An infected individual with no signs of disease

17
Q

What is prevalence?

A

The proportion of diseased individuals in a population at any one time

18
Q

What is incidence?

A

The number of cases or diseased individuals within a population

19
Q

What is mortality?

A

Incidence of death within a population

20
Q

What is morbidity?

A

Incidence of illness in a population (fatal or non-fatal)

21
Q

What is meant by endemic?

A

persistent occurrence with a low to moderate level e.g. chickenpox

22
Q

What is meant by epidemic?

A

Occurrence clearly in excess of the expected level for a given time period

23
Q

What is meant by pandemic?

A

A worldwide spread of disease

24
Q

What is sporadic level of incidence?

A

Occasional cases occurring at irregular intervals

25
Q

What do epidemic curves tell us?

A

Mode of transmission
Timing of exposure
Course of exposure

26
Q

What are the two main types of epidemic?

A

Common source

Propagated

27
Q

What is a common source epidemic?

A

Object to person spread

28
Q

What is the difference between common point source and common continuous source?

A

In common point source - exposure occurs in less than incubation period
In common continuous source - exposure occurs over multiple incubation periods

29
Q

Common source epidemic curve shows a rapid increase in number of cases whereas propagated is more of a gradual increase. True or false?

A

True

30
Q

Is propagated epidemic less than or greater than the incubation period?

A

Greater than

31
Q

What is an example of continuous common source epidemic?

A

Cholera spread via contaminated water

32
Q

What is an example of propagated epidemic?

A

Ebola

Influenza A

33
Q

What are the public health interventions?

A

Vaccination
Infection control
Antivirals

Pharmacy (year one) (60 decks)

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