Vessels and Nerves of the Thoracic Limb Flashcards
The main arterial blood supply to the thoracic limb arises within the thorax as the…
Subclavian artery
The subclavian artery is a terminal branch of ___ on the right side, and a direct branch of ___ on the left side
The brachiocephalic; the aorta
VCISA
Vertebral, costocervical, internal thoracic, superficial cervical and axillary
What does the superficial cervical artery supply
The superficial muscles of the base of the neck, the superficial cervical lymph nodes, the muscles of the scapula and shoulder
The brachial plexus is formed by…
The ventral branches of the 6-8 C and 1-2 T spinal nerves
What did we have to reflect to expose the vessels and nerves on the medial aspect of the arm
The superficial and deep pectoral muscles
The axillary artery extends from/to…
The first rib to the conjoined tendons of the teres major and latissimus dorsi
What are the 4 primary branches of the axillary
External thoracic, lateral thoracic, subscapular and cranial circumflex humeral
The external thoracic artery is distributed almost entirely on…
The superficial pectorals (with the nerve)
The lateral thoracic artery supplies…
Part of latissimus dorsi, deep pectoral, cutaneous trunci and thoracic mammae
What are the branches of the subscapular artery
Thoracodorsal, caudal circumflex humeral and circumflex scapula
What has to be transected to see the subscapular artery
The teres major
What does the thoracodorsal supply
Part of the teres major and latissimus dorsi (ends in the skin)
The caudal circumflex humeral artery supplies…
Triceps, deltoideus, coracobrachialis, and infraspinatus muscles and the shoulder joint capsule
The circumflex scapula supplies…
The subscapularis and infraspinatus
The cranial circumflex humeral supplies…
The biceps brachii and the joint capsule of the shoulder
After the cranial circumflex humeral artery, the axillary turns into the…
Brachial artery
Branches of the brachial artery
Deep brachial, bicipital, collateral ulnar, superficial brachial, transverse cubital and deep antebrachial
The brachial continues into the proximal forearm and gives off…
The common interosseus
The collateral ulnar artery supplies…
The triceps, ulnar nerve and the elbow
The superficial brachial artery continues on the forearm as the…
Cranial superficial antebrachial artery (medial and lateral branches)
All the nerves dissected contain…
Somatic efferent neurons to striated muscles and afferent neurons from these muscles
Cutaneous somatic afferents are only found in…
Musculocutaneous, axillary, radial, median and ulnar
Cranial pectoral nerves arise from…
Ventral branches of the 6-8 C spinal nerves
Cranial pectoral nerves innervate…
Superficial pectorals
Suprascapular nerve leaves…
The 6-7 C spinal nerve
Suprascapular nerve supplies…
Supraspinatus and infraspinatus
What did we have to transect to expose the supraspinatus nerve
Supraspinatus muscle
Subscapular nerve arises from…
6-7 C spinal nerve
Subscapular nerve innervates…
Subscapularis
Musculocutaneous nerve arises from…
6-8 C spinal nerves
What does the musculocutaneous nerve lie between
Biceps brachii cranially and brachial vessels caudally
Musculocutaneous supplies…
Coracobrachialis, biceps brachii and brachialis
A branch of the musculocutaneous nerve communicates with…
The median nerve
At the distal end of the brachialis, the musculocutaneous nerve gives off…
The medial cutaneous antebrachial nerve (usually removed with the skin)
Axillary nerve arises from…
Combined 7-8 C spinal nerves
Axillary nerve innervates…
Teres major, teres minor, deltoideus, and part of subscapularis
Thoracodorsal nerve arises from…
C7-T1 (primarily from C8)
Thoracodorsal nerve innervates…
Latissimus dorsi
Radial nerve arises from…
C7-T2
The radial nerve is motor to…
All the extensor muscles of the elbow, carpal and phalangeal joints; also triceps, tensor fasciae antebrachii and anconeus
On the lateral side, at the distal 3rd of the arm, the radial nerve terminates as…
A deep and superficial branch
The median and ulnar nerves arise from…
A common trunk from C8-T2 (median cranial, ulnar caudal)
The common trunk of the median and ulnar nerves lies on…
The medial head of the triceps
What nerve leaves the ulnar nerve near the middle of the arm
Caudal cutaneous antebrachial nerve
The brachial artery in the forearm gives rise to…
Common interosseous and median artery
What are the 3 main branches of the common interosseous
Ulnar, cranial interosseous and caudal interosseous
The ulnar artery supplies…
The ulnar and humeral heads of the deep digital flexor and the flexor carpi ulnaris
What did we have to transect to expose the caudal interosseous
The pronator quadratus
What does the median artery give off
Deep antebrachial and radial artery
After the common interosseous, the brachial artery turns into the…
Median artery
What is the principle source of blood to the paw
The median artery
What did we have to transect to expose the deep antebrachial artery
Humeral head of deep digital flexor
What does the deep antebrachial artery supply
Flexor carpi radialis, deep digital flexor, flexor carpi ulnaris, and the superficial digital flexor
Arteries of the axillary branch
Ext thoracic, lat thoracic, subscapular (thoracodorsal and caudal circumflex humeral), and cranial circumflex humeral
Arteries of brachial branch
Deep brachial, bicipital, collateral ulnar, superficial brachial, common interosseous (cranial inter, caudal inter, and ulnar)
Arteries of median branch
Deep antebrachial and radial
External thoracic a. muscle
Superficial pectoral
Lateral thoracic a. muscle
Deep pectorals, latissimus dorsi, cutaneous trunci
Subscapular a. muscle
Subscapularis, teres major
Caudal circumflex humeral a. muscle
Deltoideus, coracobrachialis, infraspinatus, triceps
Thoracodorsal a. muscle
Latissimus dorsi
Deep brachial a. muscle
Triceps
Bicipital a. muscle
Biceps brachii, brachialis
Superficial brachial a. muscle
Dorsum of forepaw
Collateral ulnar a. muscle
Triceps
Common interosseous a. muscle
Digital extensor muscles
Ulnar a. muscle
Deep digital flexor, flexor carpi ulnaris
Caudal interosseous a. muscle
Pronator quadratus
Deep antebrachial a. muscle
Flexor carpi radialis, flexor carpi ulnaris, superficial digital flexor, deep digital flexor
Median a. muscle
Paw
Radial a. muscle
Deep vessel of paw
Suprascapular n. origin
C6, C7
Suprascapular n. muscle innervation
Supraspinatus, infraspinatus
Subscapular n. origin
C6, C7
Subscapular n. muscle innervation
Subscapularis
Musculocutaneous n. origin
C6, C7, C8
Musculocutaneous n. muscle innervation
Coracobrachialis, biceps brachii, brachialis
Axillary n. origin
C7, C8
Axillary n. muscle innervation
Teres major, teres minor, deltoideus, part of subscapularis
Thoracodorsal n. origin
C7, C8, T1
Thoracodorsal n. muscle innervation
Latissimus dorsi
Radial n. origin
C7, C8, T1, T2
Radial n. muscle innervation
Triceps brachii, tensor fasciae antebrachii, anconeous, common digital extensor, lateral digital extensor, supinator, extensor carpi ulnaris, extensor carpi radialis, ulnaris lateralis, abductor digiti I longus
Median n. origin
C8, T1, T2
Median n, muscle innervation
Pronator teres, flexor carpis radialis, superficial digital flexor, pronator quadratus, 3 head of deep digital flexor
Ulnar n. origin
C8, T1, T2
Ulnar n. muscle innervation
Flexor carpi ulnaris, ulnar and humeral heads of deep digital flexor
