Veins and Arteries Cranial to the Heart Flashcards
The cranial vena cava drains into…
The right atrium
What union forms the cranial vena cava
The right and left brachiocephalic veins at the thoracic inlet
What forms the brachiocephalic veins
The external jugular and subclavian veins
What is the last branch entering the cranial vena cava
The azygos vein (only on right side in dogs)
What does the azygos vein collect
All of the dorsal intercostal veins on each side as far cranially as the 3rd or 4th intercostal space
What is the main channel for the return of the lymph from lymphatic capillaries and ducts to the venous system
Thoracic duct
The thoracic duct gets lymph drainage from…
The left thoracic limb and the left tracheal trunk
Where does the lymph drainage from the right thoracic limb and right tracheal trunk go?
They form a right lymphatic duct that enters the venous system in the vicinity of the right brachiocephalic vein
Where can the tracheal trunks of the lymph/vein system be found
In each carotid sheath or parallel to the sheath and its contents
Aorta
Large, unpaired, emerges from left ventricle medial to the pulmonary trunk
The part of the aorta cranial to the diaphragm is…
Thoracic aorta
The part of the aorta caudal to the diaphragm is…
Abdominal aorta
What is the first branch from the aortic arch
Brachiocephalic trunk
What does the brachiocephalic trunk give rise to
The left common carotid artery, and it terminates as the right common carotid artery and right subclavian artery
What does the left subclavian artery originate from
Aortic arch
The right subclavian artery has how many branches that originate from where
4 branches that arise medial to the first rib or intercostal space
VCISA
Vertebral, costocervical, internal thoracic, superficial cervical and axillary
Vertebral artery path
Cross the medial surface of the 1st rib and terminates dorsally between the longus colli and the scalenus, the enters the transverse foramen of C6 and passes through the transverse foramina of the 1st 6 C vertebrae
What does the vertebral artery supply
Both muscular branches to the cervical muscles and also spinal branch at each intervertebral foramen to the spinal cord and its coverings
Where does the costocervical trunk extend
Dorsally to the vertebral end of the first rib
What does the costocervical artery supply
The 1-3 intercostal spaces, muscles at the base of the neck, and muscles dorsal to the first few thoracic vertebrae
Where does the superficial cervical artery come from
The thoracic inlet
What does the superficial cervical artery supply
The base of the neck and the adjacent subscapular region
What are the two artery divisions of the branches of the thoracic aorta
Esophageal and broncial
How many pairs of dorsal intercostal arteries that leave the aorta
8-9
What artery supplies the esophagus
Bronchoesophageal artery
What does the bronchoesophageal artery terminate in
Bronchial arteries
What do the bronchial arteries supply
The lungs
What supplies the first 3-4 intercostal spaces
Costocervical trunk
What nerves supply the diaphragm
Phrenic nerves
What is the function of the pleural cavitiy
It reduces friction during ventilation
Right lymphatic duct
Drains right thoracic limb, right side of neck and head into right brachiocephalic vein
Thoracic duct
Drains rest of body into left brachiocephalic vein
