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Comparative Anatomy > Veins and Arteries Cranial to the Heart > Flashcards

Veins and Arteries Cranial to the Heart Flashcards

1
Q

The cranial vena cava drains into…

A

The right atrium

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2
Q

What union forms the cranial vena cava

A

The right and left brachiocephalic veins at the thoracic inlet

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3
Q

What forms the brachiocephalic veins

A

The external jugular and subclavian veins

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4
Q

What is the last branch entering the cranial vena cava

A

The azygos vein (only on right side in dogs)

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5
Q

What does the azygos vein collect

A

All of the dorsal intercostal veins on each side as far cranially as the 3rd or 4th intercostal space

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6
Q

What is the main channel for the return of the lymph from lymphatic capillaries and ducts to the venous system

A

Thoracic duct

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7
Q

The thoracic duct gets lymph drainage from…

A

The left thoracic limb and the left tracheal trunk

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8
Q

Where does the lymph drainage from the right thoracic limb and right tracheal trunk go?

A

They form a right lymphatic duct that enters the venous system in the vicinity of the right brachiocephalic vein

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9
Q

Where can the tracheal trunks of the lymph/vein system be found

A

In each carotid sheath or parallel to the sheath and its contents

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10
Q

Aorta

A

Large, unpaired, emerges from left ventricle medial to the pulmonary trunk

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11
Q

The part of the aorta cranial to the diaphragm is…

A

Thoracic aorta

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12
Q

The part of the aorta caudal to the diaphragm is…

A

Abdominal aorta

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13
Q

What is the first branch from the aortic arch

A

Brachiocephalic trunk

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14
Q

What does the brachiocephalic trunk give rise to

A

The left common carotid artery, and it terminates as the right common carotid artery and right subclavian artery

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15
Q

What does the left subclavian artery originate from

A

Aortic arch

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16
Q

The right subclavian artery has how many branches that originate from where

A

4 branches that arise medial to the first rib or intercostal space

17
Q

VCISA

A

Vertebral, costocervical, internal thoracic, superficial cervical and axillary

18
Q

Vertebral artery path

A

Cross the medial surface of the 1st rib and terminates dorsally between the longus colli and the scalenus, the enters the transverse foramen of C6 and passes through the transverse foramina of the 1st 6 C vertebrae

19
Q

What does the vertebral artery supply

A

Both muscular branches to the cervical muscles and also spinal branch at each intervertebral foramen to the spinal cord and its coverings

20
Q

Where does the costocervical trunk extend

A

Dorsally to the vertebral end of the first rib

21
Q

What does the costocervical artery supply

A

The 1-3 intercostal spaces, muscles at the base of the neck, and muscles dorsal to the first few thoracic vertebrae

22
Q

Where does the superficial cervical artery come from

A

The thoracic inlet

23
Q

What does the superficial cervical artery supply

A

The base of the neck and the adjacent subscapular region

24
Q

What are the two artery divisions of the branches of the thoracic aorta

A

Esophageal and broncial

25
Q

How many pairs of dorsal intercostal arteries that leave the aorta

A

8-9

26
Q

What artery supplies the esophagus

A

Bronchoesophageal artery

27
Q

What does the bronchoesophageal artery terminate in

A

Bronchial arteries

28
Q

What do the bronchial arteries supply

A

The lungs

29
Q

What supplies the first 3-4 intercostal spaces

A

Costocervical trunk

30
Q

What nerves supply the diaphragm

A

Phrenic nerves

31
Q

What is the function of the pleural cavitiy

A

It reduces friction during ventilation

32
Q

Right lymphatic duct

A

Drains right thoracic limb, right side of neck and head into right brachiocephalic vein

33
Q

Thoracic duct

A

Drains rest of body into left brachiocephalic vein

Comparative Anatomy (27 decks)

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