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Comparative Anatomy > Vessels and Nerves of the Abdominal Wall > Flashcards

Vessels and Nerves of the Abdominal Wall Flashcards

1
Q

The branches that supply the superficial part of the ventral abdomen are branches of what artery

A

Superficial epigastric

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2
Q

The external pudendal artery emerges from…

A

The superficial inguinal ring

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3
Q

What artery appears as a continuation of the external pudendal dorsal to the superficial inguinal lymph node

A

Caudal superficial epigastric

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4
Q

What does the caudal superficial epigastric artery supply in the male

A

The prepuce

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5
Q

Small branches of the external pudendal artery supply ___ in the female and _____ in the male

A

The labia; the scrotum

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6
Q

Where are the superficial inguinal lymph nodes

A

Adjacent to the caudal superficial epigastric artery

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7
Q

The afferent lymphatics of the superficial inguinal lymph nodes drain…

A

The mammae, prepuce, scrotum, and ventral abdominal wall as far cranially as the umbilicus

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8
Q

The efferent lymphatics of the superficial inguinal lymph nodes move through…

A

The inguinal canal

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9
Q

What 4 vessels primarily supply the abdominal wall

A

Cranial abdominal artery, cranial epigastric artery, caudal epigastric artery, and the deep circumflex iliac artery

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10
Q

Where can superficial branches of the cranial abdominal artery be found

A

Emerging from the dorsolateral abdominal wall, caudal to the last rib

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11
Q

What 2 nerves/arteries perforate the internal abdominal oblique

A

Lateral cutaneous femoral nerve and the deep circumflex iliac artery (cranial to the cranioventral iliac spine)

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12
Q

What does the lateral cutaneous femoral nerve arise from

A

L4

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13
Q

What does the deep circumflex iliac artery arise from

A

The aorta

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14
Q

The ventral branches of the first 4 lumbar nerves form the…

A

Cranial iliohypogastric, caudal iliohypogastric, ilioinguinal and lateral cutaneous femoral nerves respectively

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15
Q

What nerves pass through the aponeurosis of origin of the transversus abdominis

A

Cranial and caudal iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal nerves

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16
Q

Where do the medial branches of the cranial and caudal iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal nerves go

A

They descend between the transversus abdominis and internal abdominal oblique to the rectus abdominis, which they innervate along with the underlying peritoneum

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17
Q

Where do the lateral branches of the cranial and caudal iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal nerves

A

They perforate the internal abdominal oblique and descend between the oblique muscles, which they innervate

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18
Q

The genitofemoral nerve arises from…

A

The ventral branches of the 3rd and 4th lumbar nerves

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19
Q

What is the genitofemoral nerve bound to

A

The external pudendal vein

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20
Q

What does the genitofemoral nerve innervate

A

Male: cremaster muscle, prepuce

Both sexes: the skin covering the inguinal region and proximal medial thigh

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21
Q

The spermatic fascia is a continuation of…

A

The abdominal and transversalis fascia

22
Q

The cremaster muscles arises from ____ and attaches to ____

A

The caudal free border of the internal abdominal oblique; the vaginal tunic near the testis

23
Q

What is the vaginal process

A

A diverticulum of the peritoneum in both sexes (vaginal tunic in the male, it envelopes the testes and the spermatic cord)

24
Q

The parietal vaginal tunic extends from ____ to ____

A

The deep inguinal ring to the bottom of the scrotum

25
Q

Ductus deferens

A

Carries the sperm from the epididymis to the urethra

26
Q

What contains the vessels and nerves of the testes

A

Mesorchium

27
Q

Pampiniform plexus

A

The venous plexus in the testes

28
Q

The testicular artery and vein are branches of…

A

The aorta and caudal vena cava, respectively

29
Q

The nerve plexus of the testes is…

A

Autonomic and sensory, it contains postganglionic sympathetic axons

30
Q

What does the visceral vaginal tunic cover

A

The testis, epididiymis and ductus deferens

31
Q

Ligament of the tail of the epidiymis

A

Connective tissue that attaches the epididymis to the vaginal tunic and spermatic fascia at the caudal end of the epididymis where it is not covered by peritoneum

32
Q

Proper ligament of the testes

A

Attaches the tail of the epididymis to the testis

33
Q

What accompanies the vaginal process in the female

A

The round ligament

34
Q

What 3 muscles surround the inguinal canal

A

External and internal abdominal oblique, and the rectus abdominis

35
Q

The peritoneum is derived from…

A

The somatic and splanchnic mesodermal layers lining the embryonic coelem

36
Q

Why are there no organs “within” the peritoneal cavity

A

Because they are all covered by visceral peritoneum (only an oocyte when it ovulates is)

37
Q

What forms the mesentary

A

The connecting peritoneum between the parietal and visceral peritoneum

38
Q

Falciform ligament

A

Fold of peritoneum that passes from the umblicus to the diaphragm and attaches to the liver

39
Q

What may be visible in the free border of the falciform ligament in young animals

A

The round ligament of the liver

40
Q

The vaginal ring

A

The opening formed by the parietal peritoneum as it leaves the abdomen and enters the inguinal canal to form the vaginal process or tunic

41
Q

The abdominal wall muscles receive vascular supply from…

A

Cranial abdominal a., cranial epigastric a., caudal epigastric a., and deep circumflex iliac a.

42
Q

The ventral and lateral abdominal wall receives nerve supply from…

A

Cranial iliohypogastric n. (L1), caudal iliohypogastric n. (L2), ilioinguinal n. (L3) and lateral cutaneous femoral n. (L4)

43
Q

The pudendoepigastric a gives rise to…

A

Caudal epigastric and external pudendal

44
Q

The caudal superficial epigastric a. supplies…

A

Cranial and caudal abdominal + inguinal mammae, and the prepuce in the male

45
Q

External pudendal a. emerges from ___ and gives blood supply to ___

A

Superficial inguinal ring; gracilis

46
Q

What does the genitofemoral nerve innervate in the female

A

The pubic area

47
Q

What does the spermatic cord contain

A

Vas deferens, testicular a., testicular vein, lymph vessels and testicular nerve plexus

48
Q

Branches of what nerves form the testicular nerve plexus

A

L3-L5

49
Q

What is the fetal remnant of the umbilical vein

A

Round ligament of the liver

50
Q

Median ligament of the bladder

A

Contains the urachus in the fetus

51
Q

What is the remnant of the umbilical arteries in the lateral ligaments of the bladder

A

Round ligament of the bladder

Comparative Anatomy (27 decks)

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