Vessels and Nerves of the Abdominal Wall Flashcards
The branches that supply the superficial part of the ventral abdomen are branches of what artery
Superficial epigastric
The external pudendal artery emerges from…
The superficial inguinal ring
What artery appears as a continuation of the external pudendal dorsal to the superficial inguinal lymph node
Caudal superficial epigastric
What does the caudal superficial epigastric artery supply in the male
The prepuce
Small branches of the external pudendal artery supply ___ in the female and _____ in the male
The labia; the scrotum
Where are the superficial inguinal lymph nodes
Adjacent to the caudal superficial epigastric artery
The afferent lymphatics of the superficial inguinal lymph nodes drain…
The mammae, prepuce, scrotum, and ventral abdominal wall as far cranially as the umbilicus
The efferent lymphatics of the superficial inguinal lymph nodes move through…
The inguinal canal
What 4 vessels primarily supply the abdominal wall
Cranial abdominal artery, cranial epigastric artery, caudal epigastric artery, and the deep circumflex iliac artery
Where can superficial branches of the cranial abdominal artery be found
Emerging from the dorsolateral abdominal wall, caudal to the last rib
What 2 nerves/arteries perforate the internal abdominal oblique
Lateral cutaneous femoral nerve and the deep circumflex iliac artery (cranial to the cranioventral iliac spine)
What does the lateral cutaneous femoral nerve arise from
L4
What does the deep circumflex iliac artery arise from
The aorta
The ventral branches of the first 4 lumbar nerves form the…
Cranial iliohypogastric, caudal iliohypogastric, ilioinguinal and lateral cutaneous femoral nerves respectively
What nerves pass through the aponeurosis of origin of the transversus abdominis
Cranial and caudal iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal nerves
Where do the medial branches of the cranial and caudal iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal nerves go
They descend between the transversus abdominis and internal abdominal oblique to the rectus abdominis, which they innervate along with the underlying peritoneum
Where do the lateral branches of the cranial and caudal iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal nerves
They perforate the internal abdominal oblique and descend between the oblique muscles, which they innervate
The genitofemoral nerve arises from…
The ventral branches of the 3rd and 4th lumbar nerves
What is the genitofemoral nerve bound to
The external pudendal vein
What does the genitofemoral nerve innervate
Male: cremaster muscle, prepuce
Both sexes: the skin covering the inguinal region and proximal medial thigh
The spermatic fascia is a continuation of…
The abdominal and transversalis fascia
The cremaster muscles arises from ____ and attaches to ____
The caudal free border of the internal abdominal oblique; the vaginal tunic near the testis
What is the vaginal process
A diverticulum of the peritoneum in both sexes (vaginal tunic in the male, it envelopes the testes and the spermatic cord)
The parietal vaginal tunic extends from ____ to ____
The deep inguinal ring to the bottom of the scrotum
Ductus deferens
Carries the sperm from the epididymis to the urethra
What contains the vessels and nerves of the testes
Mesorchium
Pampiniform plexus
The venous plexus in the testes
The testicular artery and vein are branches of…
The aorta and caudal vena cava, respectively
The nerve plexus of the testes is…
Autonomic and sensory, it contains postganglionic sympathetic axons
What does the visceral vaginal tunic cover
The testis, epididiymis and ductus deferens
Ligament of the tail of the epidiymis
Connective tissue that attaches the epididymis to the vaginal tunic and spermatic fascia at the caudal end of the epididymis where it is not covered by peritoneum
Proper ligament of the testes
Attaches the tail of the epididymis to the testis
What accompanies the vaginal process in the female
The round ligament
What 3 muscles surround the inguinal canal
External and internal abdominal oblique, and the rectus abdominis
The peritoneum is derived from…
The somatic and splanchnic mesodermal layers lining the embryonic coelem
Why are there no organs “within” the peritoneal cavity
Because they are all covered by visceral peritoneum (only an oocyte when it ovulates is)
What forms the mesentary
The connecting peritoneum between the parietal and visceral peritoneum
Falciform ligament
Fold of peritoneum that passes from the umblicus to the diaphragm and attaches to the liver
What may be visible in the free border of the falciform ligament in young animals
The round ligament of the liver
The vaginal ring
The opening formed by the parietal peritoneum as it leaves the abdomen and enters the inguinal canal to form the vaginal process or tunic
The abdominal wall muscles receive vascular supply from…
Cranial abdominal a., cranial epigastric a., caudal epigastric a., and deep circumflex iliac a.
The ventral and lateral abdominal wall receives nerve supply from…
Cranial iliohypogastric n. (L1), caudal iliohypogastric n. (L2), ilioinguinal n. (L3) and lateral cutaneous femoral n. (L4)
The pudendoepigastric a gives rise to…
Caudal epigastric and external pudendal
The caudal superficial epigastric a. supplies…
Cranial and caudal abdominal + inguinal mammae, and the prepuce in the male
External pudendal a. emerges from ___ and gives blood supply to ___
Superficial inguinal ring; gracilis
What does the genitofemoral nerve innervate in the female
The pubic area
What does the spermatic cord contain
Vas deferens, testicular a., testicular vein, lymph vessels and testicular nerve plexus
Branches of what nerves form the testicular nerve plexus
L3-L5
What is the fetal remnant of the umbilical vein
Round ligament of the liver
Median ligament of the bladder
Contains the urachus in the fetus
What is the remnant of the umbilical arteries in the lateral ligaments of the bladder
Round ligament of the bladder
