Deep Vessels and Nerves of the Thoracic Wall Flashcards
What is the terminal branch of the internal thoracic artery
Cranial epigastric artery
The cranial epigastric artery gives rise to…
The cranial superficial epigastric
Where does the cranial epigastric artery start and what does it run along
Starts: on the thorax, between costal arch and sternum
Runs along: rectus abdominis, caudally on deep surface
What does the cranial superficial epigastric artery supply
The skin over the rectus abdominis and the caudal thoracic and cranial abdominal mammae
Where do most of the cranial epigastric vessels terminate
The deep surface of the rectus abdominis
What is found on the medial surface of the costal cartilages of ribs 2-8
Transversus thoracis
Where does the transversus abdominis extend from and to
The costochondral junctions to the sternum
Ventrally, the internal intercostal vessels ___ and ___ with the ventral intercostal branches of the internal thoracic artery and vein
Bifurcate; anastomose
What do the internal intercostal nerves supply
The intercostal musculature
What is the pleurae
Serous membrane that covers the lungs and lines the walls of the thorax
Where do the pulmonary and visceral pleura attach
To the surface of the lungs
Where does the parietal pleura attach
To the thoracic wall by the endothoracic fascia
3 parts of the parietal pleura
Costal, diaphragmatic and mediastinal
What is included in the mediastinum
The two mediastinal pleurae and the space between them
What is enclosed in the mediastinum
Thymus, lymph nodes, heart, aorta, trachea, esophagus, vagus nerves and other nerves and vessels
What portion of the mediastinum covers the heart
Pericardial mediastinal pleura
Where is the mediastinal parietal pleura continuous with the pulmonary pleura
The root of the lung
Where is the pulmonary ligament
It is caudal to the hilus, between the caudal lobe of the lung and the mediastinum at the level of the esophagus
Where is the thymus when it is maximally developed (smallest)
The caudal part is molded on the cranial surface of the pericardium
What is the path of the internal thoracic artery
Leaves the subclavian artery, moves ventrocaudally in the cranial mediastinum, and disappears deep to the cranial border of the transversus thoracis muscle
What does the internal thoracic artery supply branches to
The phrenic nerve, the thymus, the mediastinal pleurae and the dorsal intercostal spaces
What does the internal thoracic artery terminate in near the attachment of the costal arch with the sternum
The musculophrenic artery and the larger cranial epigastric artery
Where does the musculophrenic artery run
Caudodorsally in the angle formed by the diaphragm and the lateral thoracic wall
The left lung is divided into…
Cranial and caudal lobes by deep fissures
