Joints of the Pelvic Limb Flashcards
Most of the apposed articular surfaces in the adult are united by…
Fibrocartilage that surrounds a small area of hyaline cartilage with synovial fluid
What reinforces the fibrocartilage around the periphery of the articular areas
Dorsal and ventral sacroiliac ligaments, bands of strong collagenous tissue
Sacroiliac joint is more used for…
Stability, rather than motility
Sacrotuberous ligament runs from…
The transverse processes of the last sacral and first caudal vertebrae to the lateral angle of the ischiatic tuberosity
Hip joint type and function
Ball and socket, flexion and extension
What muscles oppose the hip joint
Medial and lateral rotator muscles
What did we have to transect to get to the hip joint
The deep gluteal and iliopsoas (at their insertions)
What attaches in the acetabular fossa of the hip bone and fovea capitis of the femur
The ligament of the femoral head
What covers the ligament of the femoral head
A synovial membrane
Where is the transverse acetabular ligament found
The ventrocaudal aspect of the acetabulum and continues as the acetabular lip
What three bones does the stifle join
The femur, patella and tibia
What are the three sacs of the stifle
Femorotibial (2) and femoropatellar
Where is the femorotibial sac located
Between the femoral and tibial condyles
Where is the femoropatellar sac located
Beneath the patella
What is found between each femoral condyle and the corresponding tibial condyle
Meniscus
What is another name for meniscus
Semilunar fibrocartilage
What is the function of the meniscus
They compensate for the incongruence that exists between the femur and tibia
Each meniscus attaches to what?
The cranial and caudal intercondylar areas of the tibia
What attaches the meniscus to the tibia
The cranial and caudal menisoctibial ligaments
What connects the cranial ends of the menisci
A transverse ligament
Meniscofemoral ligament attaches what?
The caudal part of the lateral meniscus to the intercondylar fossa of the femur
What is the medial meniscus attached to
The medial collateral ligament
What separates the lateral collateral ligament and the lateral meniscus
The tendon of origin of the popliteus
What are the femorotibial ligaments
The collateral and cruciate ligaments
Median collateral ligament extends from…
Medial epicondyle of the femur to the medial side of the tibia distal to the medial condyle
Lateral collateral ligament extends from…
Lateral epicondyle of the femur, over the tendon of O of popliteus to the head of the fibula and adjacent lateral condyle of the tibia
What do the medial and lateral collateral ligaments do when the stifle is extended
Prevent abduction, adduction and rotation of the stifle
The cranial cruciate ligament attaches…
In the intercondylar fossa of the femur to the caudomedial part of the lateral condyle, and extends to the cranial intercondylar area of the tibia
The attachment of the cranial cruciate ligament is just caudal to…
The cranial attachment of the medial meniscus
What is the function of the CrCL
Keeps the tibia from sliding cranially beneath the femur when limb bears weight and limits medial rotation of the tibia when the stifle is flexed
Caudal cruciate ligament attaches…
Proximally in the intercondylar fossa of the femur to the medial condyle of the femur, and inserts to the medial edge of the popliteal notch of the tibia
What is the function of the CaCL
Prevents caudal movement of the tibia beneath the femur when the limb bears weight
What is found between the interosseous space of the femur and tibia
The interosseous membrane of the crus
What is the pelvic symphysis?
A secondary cartilaginous joint that ossifies with age
Sacro-iliac joints combine…
A synovial joint with an adjacent area of fibrous union
What ligament is absent in the cat
Sacrotuberous ligament
What is the function of the acetabular ligament
It continues the acetabular lip which deepens the acetabulum to keep the femur head solidly in place
How many ligaments support the knee joint
9 (4 are the main)
