Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Bio 5B > Vascular Plant Structure, Growth, and Development 1 > Flashcards

Vascular Plant Structure, Growth, and Development 1 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Cell

A

Fundamental unit of life

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Tissue

A

Group of cells that perform a specialized function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Organ

A

Group of tissues that carry out particular functions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Difference between below ground and above ground?

A

Plants take up water and minerals from below ground, while plants take up CO2 and light from above ground

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Roots

A

Multicellular organs that anchor plant, absorb minerals and water and store organic nutrients

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Taproot

A

Present in eudicot or gymnosperms; main root that gives rise to lateral roots

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Lateral roots

A

Branch roots

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Adventitious roots

A

Arise from stems or leaves (above structures)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Fibrous root

A

Present in seedless and Monocot plants; thin lateral roots w/ no main root

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Root hairs

A

Absorb water and minerals and increase surface area for nutrient uptake

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the five root modifications?

A

Prop roots (support top heavy plants), storage roots (like carrots and beets), air roots (provide air to roots like a snorkel), buttress roots (rainforest trees), and strangling roots (figs)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Stem

A

Organ that supports the plant and help leaves be in a taller position to absorb light

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Nodes

A

Points at which leaves are attached; on stem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Internode

A

Stem segment between nodes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Axillary bud

A

Potential to form a lateral shoot or branch; base at petiole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Apical bud

A

Also called terminal bud; located near shoot tip and causes enlongation of young shoot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Apical dominance

A

Helps maintain dormancy in most non apical buds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Rhizomes

A

A stem motification; horizontal stem just below surface w/ leaves attached

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Bulbs

A

A stem modification; vertical underground shoots consisting of enlarged vases of storage leaves w/ no internodes; ex: onion

20
Q

Stolons

A

Horizontal shoots along surface (runners); allows asexual reproduction

21
Q

Tubers

A

Enlarged ends of rhizomes or stolons for food storage; ex: potatoes

22
Q

Leaf

A

Main photosynthetic organ of vascular plants

23
Q

What do leaves consist of?

A

Petiole and blade

24
Q

Blade

A

Flattened part of the leaf

25
Q

Petiole

A

Stalk that joins the leaf to a node of the stem

26
Q

Simple leaf

A

Leaf modification; single undivided blade

27
Q

Compound leaf

A

Leaf modification; multiple leaflets arising from petiole and no axillary bud at base only on petiole

28
Q

Doubly compound leaf

A

Leaf modification; leaflets divided again into smaller leaflets

29
Q

Tendrils

A

Leaf modification; provide support; ex: vines

30
Q

Spines

A

Leaf modification; provides protection (spikes), reduced surface area, shade; only has photosynthetic stem

31
Q

Storage leaves

A

Stores water and food; in hot environments

32
Q

Reproductive leaves

A

Leaf modification; adventitious plantlets

33
Q

Bracts

A

Leaf modification; surround flowers that attract pollinators

34
Q

List three tissue types in plants.

A

Dermal, ground, vascular

35
Q

Dermal

A

Protective tissue

36
Q

Ground

A

Responsible for photosynthesis, storage and support (metabolic processes); xylem and phloem

37
Q

Vascular

A

Fluid movement

38
Q

Vascular tissue system

A

Carries out long distance transport of materials between shoots and roofs

39
Q

Xylem

A

Carries water and dissolved minerals upwards from roots; has tracheids and vessel elements; dead at maturity

40
Q

Phloem

A

Transports organic nutrients from leaves to roots and other developing areas

41
Q

Tracheids and vessel elements

A

Water conducting cells that are dead at maturity

42
Q

Vessels

A

Vessel elements align end to end forming micro pipes

43
Q

Pits

A

Tiny holes that move water from vessel to tracheid

44
Q

Sieve plates

A

Porous end walls that allow fluid to flow between cells along sieve tube; each sieve tube has a companion cell

45
Q

Parenchyma cells

A

No cell wall; flexible and thin; in cells that are developing (prior to specialization); retain ability to divide and differentiate; perform most metabolic functions; ex: phloem cells, leaf photosynthetic cells, storage tissues

46
Q

Collenchyma cells

A

Support young parts of plants; thicker and uneven cell walls; provide flexible support and mechanical support

47
Q

Schlerenchyma cells

A

In wood; highly specialized for mechanical rigidity; resistant to bending and cannot grow; dead at maturity; ex: xylem cells

Bio 5B (26 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions