Plant Diversity 2

Question 1

What is another name for non vascular plants?

Answer 1

Bryophytes

Question 2

Seed

Answer 2

Embryo and nutrients surrounded by a protective coat

Question 3

Gymnosperms

Answer 3

“Naked seed” plants including conifers (pine trees); needle shaped leaves

Question 4

Angiosperms

Answer 4

Flowering plants and has seeds (pollen)

Question 5

What are indicators of bryophytes or non vascular plants?

Answer 5

Reliant on water, small, dependent on gametophyte stage

Question 6

Protonema

Answer 6

Mini stem; gametophytes stem from here in bryophytes

Question 7

Gametophore

Answer 7

Analogous to buds for bryophytes

Question 8

Rhizoids

Answer 8

Analogous to roots but are not good for holding water; can only anchor gameotphytes to substrate

Question 9

Where do bryophyte sporophytes grow out of?

Answer 9

Archegonia (female gametophyte)

Question 10

What does a sporophyte (from a bryophyte) consist of?

Answer 10

Foot, seta (stalk), sporangia

Question 11

Sporangia

Answer 11

Capsule that discharges spores through a peristome

Question 12

Stomata

Answer 12

Present in hornwarts and moss sporophytes; tiny pores that allow pls fs to absorb CO2 for photosynthesis; when it opens water is absorbed

Question 13

Vascular tissues

Answer 13

Xylem and phloem; provide support and allow planes to grow tall by supplying water and nutrients

Question 14

Xylem

Answer 14

Vascular tissue that sends water up the plant; made up of dead cells called tracheids; “plumbing”

Question 15

Phloem

Answer 15

Living cells that distribute sugars and other organic products to roots and developing areas through diffusion

Question 16

Roots

Answer 16

Organs that anchor vascular plants and absorb water and nutrients

Question 17

Leaves

Answer 17

Organs that increase surface area for photosynthesis

Question 18

Microphylls

Answer 18

Single vein leaves (primitive and could be in bryophytes)

Question 19

Megaphylls

Answer 19

Highly branched vascular system; type of leaf

Question 20

Phylum Lycophyta

Answer 20

Club mosses, spike mosses and quillworts (not mosses at all); have vascular tissues and not true mosses

Question 21

Phylum Pterophyta

Answer 21

Ferns, horsetails, and whisk ferns; most diverse seedless vascular

Question 22

Name two ways which Gymnosperms differ from Angiosperms.

Answer 22

Gymnosperm seeds are exposed and are in cones. Angiosperm seeds are enclosed in nuts or fruits. Angiosperms are also flowering plants while gymnosperms are not.

Question 23

What are basic land plant attributes?

Answer 23

Alternation of generations, apical meristems, multicellular dependent embryos, walled spores, and multicellular gametangia

Question 24

On a field trip w/ your Bio 5B class you are tasked with the identification of a plant. While observing it you notice that it produces spores in large numbers and has vascular tissue. What class does your plant most likely belong to?

Answer 24

Pterophytes (ferns)

Question 25

What are the two types of angiosperms?

Answer 25

Monocot and eudicot

Question 26

Differences between monocot and eudicot plants?

Answer 26

Monocot: one cotyledon in embryo, leaf vein is usually parallel, vascular tissue scattered, root system fibrous (no main root), pollen grain has one opening, flower floral organs in multiples of three

Eudicot: two cotyledons in embryo, leaf veins netlike, vascular tissue ordered in a ring, taproot (has a main root), pollen grain has 3 openings, floral organs in multiples of four or five

Question 27

What are the three types of apical meristems?

Answer 27

Shoot apical meristem, root apical meristem, and vascular cambium

Question 28

Vascular cambium

Answer 28

Apical meristem for secondary growth; increases width

Question 29

Primary growth

Answer 29

Increase in length of either roots or shoots

Question 30

Secondary growth

Answer 30

Increase in width w/ the help of vascular cambium; creates new layers of xylem and phloem cells

Question 31

Which plants have true secondary growth?

Answer 31

Gymnosperms and eudicot

Question 32

Why do Monocot plants not have secondary growth

Answer 32

Vascular tissue are not arranged in a way that they have vascular cambium