Valvular PrOblems Flashcards
systolic
120 mm Hg
diastolic
80 mm Hg
peak atrial pressure
15 mm Hg
SYSTOLIC MURMUR
- aortic stenosis
- mitral insufficiency
DIASTOLIC MURMUR
- mitral stenosis
- aortic insufficiency
stethoscope
- screening tool for murmur
- investigation ventricular pressure tracing
pressure changes occur
ventricle
atrium
ventricular
- peak ventricular pressure>120 mm Hg aortic valve pathology
aortic valve pathology
- pressure gradient between peak ventricular pressure and aortic pressure
- is caused by obstruction
- causing aortic stenosis
aortic valve pathology
- no pressure gradient involved
- regurgitation is taking place
- causing atrial insufficiency
atrial pressure >15mm Hg
- mitral valve pathology
mitral valve pathology
- increase in diastole- obstruction of the mitral valve, causing mitral stenosis
- increase in systole- regurgitation, mitral insufficiency
aortic stenosis
- obstruction of aortic valve
- peak ventricular pressure gradient of 160 mm Hg
- systolic murmur
aortic insufficiency/regurgitation
- peak ventricular pressure 160 mm Hg
- aortic valve
- pressure gradient between the peak aortic pressure and ventricular pressure-NONE
MITRAL STENOSIS
- peak ventricular pressure normal rule out aortic valve
- INCREASE ATRIAL PRESSURE and falling during systole
- DIAGNOSTIC OF MITRAL VALVE PATHOLOGY
- pressure is INCREASE IN DIASTOLE>15 mm Hg
- obstruction of mitral valve
- LEFT ventricular volume will shift to the LEFT
- impaired filling to the ventricle causing DECREASE IN EDV
- DECREASE pressure
mitral insufficiency/regurgitation
- normal peak ventricular pressure RULE OUT AORTIC VALVE
- atrial pressure > 30 mm Hg (normal 15 mm Hg)
- mitral pathology
- pressure is INCREASE IN SYSTOLE
- causing regurgitation of the mitral valve causing mitral insufficiency
S1
- mitral valve closes
- first heart sound
- isovolumetric contraction
S2
- aortic valve closes
- second heart sound
SYSTOLIC MURMURS between S1 and S2
ejection murmur
- aortic stenosis
- pulmonic stenosis
- crescendic-decrescendic
- increase then decrease in intensity
SYSTOLIC MURMURS between S1 and S2
pansystolic murmurs
- mitral regurgitation
- tricuspid regurgitation
SYSTOLIC MURMURS between S1 and S2
late systolic murmur
- mitral valve prolapse
- common in young women
- late systolic click
DIASTOLIC MURMUR
- between S2 and S1
DIASTOLIC MURMUR
early aortic and pulmonic regurgitation
- intensity that decrease in early diastole
DIASTOLIC MURMUR
mid to late: mitral stenosis and tricuspid stenosis
- decrease in intensity in mid to late diastolic interval
