TRANSPORT OF OXYGEN AND CO POISONING shift R and L concept

Question 1

PaO2 oxygen will dissolve to the capillary through its

Answer 1

• SOLUBILITY

Question 2

hemoglobin becomes 100% saturated due to its

Answer 2

• 4 oxygen side chains and

- PaO2 (tissue)

Question 3

transport of OXYGEN

Answer 3

• dissolve to the capillary by its solubility then to the plasma then to the tissues based on its solubility

Question 4

total oxygen in our body

Answer 4

• 20% volume/ 100 ml of blood

- oxygen content in the blood

Question 5

oxygen content

Answer 5

• is dissolved in plasma (PaO2) accounts for .3% volume/100ml of blood, giving PaO2 pressure of 100mm Hg
• attached in hemoglobin 19.7% volume through its concentration and saturation

Question 6

increase in hemoglobin concentration

Answer 6

• polycythemia
• amount of oxygen carried by Hgb is increased
• total O2 content is increased
• it does not affect the PaO2

Question 7

decrease in hemoglobin concentration

Answer 7

• anemia
• total oxygen content is decreased
• PO2 normal this is dissolved in plasma
• affected is O2 carried by hgB

Question 8

oxygen site # 4 has the less binding ability to

Answer 8

• hemoglobin
• it affects the saturation of HgB
• it unload most of the time in plasma as PO2 decreases making the HgB saturation less saturated from 4 side chains to 3 by that HgB is 75% saturated= 40 mm Hg PO2, then as the PO2 decrease HgB side chain keeps on unloading making it more and more unsaturated from 3 side chain to 2. HgB saturation becomes 50% (P50)=26 mm Hg of PO2
• 1 O2 side chain is 25%

Question 9

P50

Answer 9

• minimum desaturation of HgB
• as it decrease hemolysis is occurring
• FOR DIAGNOSIS OF CO POISONING

Question 10

HgB - O2 dissociation curve

Answer 10

• SIGMOID CURVED means going to the L INCREASING to the R DECREASING
• shift to the R
• shift to the L

Question 11

SHIFT TO THE RIGHT

Answer 11

• INcrease in temperature (FEVER)
• INcrease in H+ ions (ACIDOSIS)
• INcrease in carbon dioxide CO2
• INcrease in diphosphoglycerate DPG intermediate in HEXOSE MONOPHOSPHATE SHUNT (CHRONIC POLYCYTHEMIA)
• DECREASING THE AFFINITY TO Hgb and INcrease PO2

Question 12

SHIFT TO THE LEFT

Answer 12

• DEcrease in temperature
• DEcrease in H+ ions
• DEcrease in carbon dioxide CO2
• DEcrease in diphosphoglycerate DPG intermediate in HEXOSE MONOPHOSPHATE SHUNT
• INCREASING THE AFFINITY to HgB and DEcrease PO2(hypothermia) pale due vasoconstriction of capillary devoid of O2

Question 13

treatment of FEVER (friend)

Answer 13

• part of body’s defense mechanism
• don’t kill the fever but manage it
• temperature is good to shift his curve to the RIGHT and increases PO2 good for oxygenation of tissues and activation of immune system (peroxidases, gluthathionases, and oxygen dependent cytotoxicity these are DEFENSE MECHANISMS OF THE BODY)

Question 14

CARBON MONOXIDE (has the greatest solubility) 
affinity to hemoglobin = CO > O2 > CO2 
solubility = CO > CO2 > O2

Answer 14

• cherry red spots
• decrease BP
• increase PR
• CONFIRMATORY TEST to diagnosis CO poisoning DO A P50 (decrease HgB saturation causing decreasing O2 content)
• PaO2 is still 100 mm Hg because it is prevented by CO due affinity and solubility
• DECREASE carrying capacity of HgB instead of O2 that is carried into the blood, due to its high affinity CO dissociates O2 in the blood decreasing O2 content

Question 15

O2 content

Answer 15

• PaO2 + HgB concentration + HgB saturation

Question 16

ANEMIA

Answer 16

• PO2 NORMAL because PO2 is dissolved in plasma .3% and not attached to HgB 19.7%
• HgB conc. DECREASES
• O2 per g of HgB(saturation) NORMAL
• O2 content DECREASES

Question 17

POLYCYTHEMIA

Answer 17

• PO2 NORMAL because PO2 is dissolved in plasma .3% and not attached to HgB 19.7%
• HgB conc. INcrease
• O2 per g of HgB(saturation) NORMAL
• O2 content INcrease

Question 18

ACUTE CO poisoning

Answer 18

• PO2 NORMAL because PO2 is dissolved in plasma .3% and not attached to HgB 19.7%
• HgB conc. NORMAL
• O2 per g of HgB(saturation) DECREASES
• O2 content DECREASES