swallowing and peristaltic wave Flashcards
1
Q
UES
A
- neurogenic
- skeletal muscle
- constriction
- primary peristaltic wave (swallowing)
- anatomic sphincter that is anatomically controlled
2
Q
LES
A
- myogenic
- smooth muscle
- relaxation by VIP
- not anatomically controlled
- functional
3
Q
LES
A
- is sensitive to
- nicotine
- alcohol
- chocolate
- caffeine
4
Q
case:
joey chestnut
68 hotdogs in 10 minutes
A
- LES
- receptive relaxation (inhibited by atropine)
- vagally mediated response (vagus nerve)
5
Q
case of hotdog eating contest
A
- neostigmine
- physostigmine
- edrophonium (tensilon and elon)
ALL INCREASES ACH, GI MOTILITY (receptive relaxation)
6
Q
swallowing
A
- is a reflex controlled from the brain stem
7
Q
case:
stroke patient damage to CN IX and X
A
- aspiration pneumonia from loss of gag reflex
- difficulty swallowing
8
Q
basic electrical rhythm 3/min (BER)
A
- pacemaker
- force increases not the frequency
9
Q
PARASYMPATHETIC (vagal stimulation)
major force
A
- ACh increase
- GRP (gastrin releasing peptide) increase
- causing distension/stretch
10
Q
case of DM for 15 years
presented with bloating abdominal distention
A
- diabetic gastroparesis
- low ACh mechanism
- parasympathetic
- won’t feel the gastric distension/stretch due to neuropathy
11
Q
duodenum
A
- fat (CCK) GIP
- acid (Secretin)
- distension
- osmolarity (hyper)
ALL CAUSE INHIBITS GASTRIC MOTILITY
12
Q
stretch of duodenum
A
- inhibits motility
13
Q
leaves the stomach fastest
A
- normal saline ( no fats, CHO, CHON, acid)
- same osmolality as blood
- normal osmolality
- it won’t stretch the duodenum much
14
Q
pills with gatorade gastric emptying time
A
- 20 mins
15
Q
gatorade vs water
A
- water replacement can cause hypokalemic and hyponatremic
- leaves the stomach longer and take much energy to the athlete
