peripheral circulation Flashcards
peripheral circulation
- pulmonary circuit
- systemic circuit
- R and L heart ventricle
RIGHT VENTRICLE
- weaker
LEFT VENTRICLE
- stronger
- more powerful pump
systemic circuit
- higher pressure
flow to pulmonary and systemic circuit
- equal
RIGHT AND LEFT VENTRICLE
- has EQUAL CARDIAC OUTPUT
- FLOW EQUAL
pulmonary arterial blood and R atrium has
- the same systemic mixed venous blood entering
RIGHT ATRIUM (S.C)
- 0 mm Hg pressure
peripheral veins (S.C)
- 15 mm Hg
pressure gradient (S.C)
- 93 mm Hg
- great pressure gradient
- to facilitate the return of blood to the heart
- aorta==> RA
- pressure gradient is proportional to venous return
R ventricle (P.C)
- 25/0 mm Hg
L ventricle (S.C)
- 120/0 mm Hg
pulmonary artery (P.C) (systolic25/diastolic8 )
- 25/8 mm Hg
aorta (S.C) (systolic 120/ diastolic 80)
- 120/80 mm Hg
Mean pulmonary artery or pulmonary wedge pressure (P.C)
- 15 mm Hg
- for LV pressure measurement
mean arterial blood pressure (S.C)
- 93 mm Hg
capillary (P.C)
- 7-9 mm Hg
capillary skeletal renal glomerular pressure (S.C)
30 mm Hg
45-50 mm Hg
L atrium (P.C)
- 5- 10 mm Hg
pressure gradient (P.C)
- 15-5= 10 mm Hg
pulmonary circuit
- begin with pulmonary artery and ends with pulmonary vein
- pressure difference PA-PV=10
systemic circuit
- begins with aorta and ends in right atrium (0 mm Hg)
- pressure difference aorta - RA= 93
patient with R ventricular failure develop peripheral edema RV (25)==>RA(0)
- normal pressure of 25 mmHg in RV will increase due to backing up of blood 40 mm Hg then normal pressure in RA 0 due to increase in the pressure in RV pressure in RA will become 20
- pressure gradient systemically 93 mm Hg make it 100
- 100 minus 20 pressure from RA
- 80 mm Hg
- therefore DECREASE IN PRESSURE GRADIENT causing decrease in venous return causing stasis of blood in peripheral veins
- causing INCREASE HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE in the capillary
- INCREASE FILTRATION
= EDEMA
DECREASE VENOUS RETURN
- increase capillary pressure that leads to edema
systemic circuit
- AORTA
- ARTERIES
- ARTERIOLES
- CAPILLARIES
- VENULES
- VEINS
- VENA CAVAE
ARTERIOLES
- has the GREATEST PRESSURE DROP
- 80 TO 40 mm Hg
- due to massive branching of vessels
- increases cross sectional area
- decrease fluid in vessel
BENEFITS - low pressure in the capillaries to facilitate the filtration and exchange
AORTA
- SMALLEST CROSS- SECTIONAL AREA
- highest velocity
CAPILLARIES
- LARGEST CROSS- SECTIONAL AREA
- lowest velocity
velocity is
- inverse to cross sectional area
- lowest velocity
systemic VEINS
- has the LARGEST blood volume
- very high compliance compared to systemic ARTERIES
pulmonary system/VESSELS
- has the second largest blood volume
- very high compliance systemic ARTERIES
