control of blood pressure BAROREFLEXES Flashcards
1
Q
medulla (afferent activity)
A
- carotid sinus CN IX
- aortic arch CN X
2
Q
autonomic nervous system
A
- parasympathetic NS
- sympathetic NS
3
Q
Parasympathetic NS
A
- nicotinic
found in the ganglion, synapse of the spinal cord - muscurinic
found in the end organs, smooth muscle, glands
4
Q
sympathetic NS
A
- alpha 1
- alpha 2
- beta 1
- beta 2
5
Q
alpha 1
A
- blood vessels
6
Q
alpha 2
A
- CNS, pre synaptic terminal nerves, responsible for auto regulation and the release of NE
7
Q
beta 1
A
- it increases heart rate, it affects blood pressure JG cells of the kidney release renin therefore it release AG II, aldosterone
8
Q
beta 2
A
- blood vessels, non innervated not connected the ANS
9
Q
MAP
A
- CO x TPR
- CO = HR x SV
10
Q
MAP
A
- is controlled by ANS and hormones
- ANS
parasympathetic- M2 receptors will decrease heart rate
sympathetic- beta 1 increase heart rate, increase SV by JG cells action in the kidney and alpha 1 increase TPR because it vasoconstrics the blood vessels
11
Q
MAP
A
HORMONES Angiotensin II - constricts vessels increase TPR - increase aldosterone save Na and water, increase preload, increases SV ADH - attracts water causing increase volume - increasing preload - increasing SV Atrial natriuretic peptide ANP produced by RA - Na loss causing decrease SV
12
Q
increase MAP, hypertension
A
- increase afferent fibers
- decrease CO by decrease HR, stimulating parasympathetic by M2 receptors
- decrease TPR by inhibiting alpha 1 (sympathetic)
13
Q
baroreceptor reflex
A
- short term regulation of BP
14
Q
RAAS
A
- long term regulation of BP
15
Q
carotid massage
A
- increase afferent activity to the CNS
- stimulate parasympathetic increase
- inhibit sympathetic
- decreasing BP and HR
16
Q
calculate for flow
A
- flow in a vessel
- flow in a organ
17
Q
flow in a vessel
A
= pressure gradient/ resistance
= pressure gradient x radius 4 power/ VL
18
Q
flow in a organ
A
- Ficks formula
- O2 uptake consumed by the organ
- A-V O2 content (conc) difference across the organ
flow= o2 uptake/ A-V
19
Q
kidney use
A
- 200ml O2/min
20
Q
renal artery
A
- O2 content 20% of renal volume .20
21
Q
renal vein
A
- O2 content of 16% of renal volume .16
22
Q
cardiac index
A
= CO/ body surface area
23
Q
pulmonary artery
A
- carries deoxygenated blood
24
Q
pulmonary vein
A
- carries oxygenated blood
