production of bile

Question 1

bilirubin is blood

Answer 1

• garbage
• no digestive function
• is not necessary for life

Question 2

cholesterol source of

Answer 2

• steroids
• cholic acid
• chenodeoxycholic acid

Question 3

bile acid vs bile salts

Answer 3

bile acid is lipid soluble

bile salt is water soluble

Question 4

human body is mostly water for fats to enter, fats are covered with bile and its coverings are

Answer 4

• lipid soluble bile acid then conjugated (cover) with sugar
  glycine and taurine (bile salts)
• so inside is lipid soluble and outside is water soluble

Question 5

bile salts goes into the

Answer 5

• gallbladder

Question 6

gallbladder concentrates and absorbs

Answer 6

• bile
• absorbs Na, K, Cl, H2O, HCO3 EXCEPTS BILE SALTS
• ALL absorbable substance wil decrease in concentration overtime except bile salts
• will increase concentration answer bile salts except are all absorbable substance

Question 7

CCK

Answer 7

• relaxes the sphincter

- contracts the gallbladder

Question 8

bile

Answer 8

• is indispensable for fat absorption

- from bile salts from cholesterol covered with sugar glycine and taurine for micelles to eat and absorb fats

Question 9

bile salts are recycled in the

Answer 9

• terminal ileum

Question 10

resection of terminal ileum

Answer 10

• no bile salts reabsorption (a conjugated form of bile acid)
• Vit. A, D, E, K and fat malabsorption
• low calcium due to bile salt malabsorption causing osteoporosis

Question 11

case:

after resection of bowel patient suddenly develops osteoporosis what part of the bowel is resected

Answer 11

• terminal ileum (where bile salts are absorb and produce calcium)

Question 12

bilirubin

Answer 12

• gives golden yellow color to bile

Question 13

stercobilin

Answer 13

• gives brown color to the stool

Question 14

40% content of bile are

Answer 14

• phospholipids (lecithin)

Question 15

most prominent feature of small intestine

Answer 15

• are villi

Question 16

water and electrolyte reabsorption greatest at the

Answer 16

• villus tip

Question 17

water and electrolyte secretion greatest at the bottom in the

Answer 17

• crypts of Lieberkuhn

Question 18

only sugar that are absorbed are the

Answer 18

• MONOSACCHARIDES alone

Question 19

greatest site of absorption of water and electrolytes

Answer 19

• COLON

Question 20

in the kidney single most independent energy step

uses more energy than anyone else in the kidney

Answer 20

• sodium reabsorption drives the reabsorption of anything else