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PHYSIOLOGY > HEMODYNAMICS > Flashcards

HEMODYNAMICS Flashcards

1
Q

poiseuille equation

A
  • relationship of flow, pressure and resistance

- single vessel, organ

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2
Q

poiseuille equation

A
  • flow= to pressure gradient/resistance
  • P1 upstream pressure
  • P2 pressure at the end of segment/circuit
  • R resistance of vessel bet. P1 and P2
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3
Q

resistance is inverse to

A
  • flow

- radius

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4
Q

the most important factor determining resistance of a vessel

A
  • vessel radius
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5
Q

resistance is proportional ….

to but inversely proportional to flow

A
  • viscosity
  • polycythemia vera (increase viscosity and resistance, decrease flow leading to thrombosis)
  • anemia (decrease viscosity and resistance, increase flow hyper dynamic flow fast rush of blood bruit)
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6
Q

50% occlusion of the left anterior descending artery

A
  • 16x decrease in flow (r4)
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7
Q

polycythemia vera

A

increase viscosity and resistance,
decrease flow leading to thrombosis
an increase in hematocrit, increase in viscosity

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8
Q

turbulent flow

A
  • murmurs
  • bruits
  • severe stenosis
  • more resistance
  • > 2000 flow
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9
Q

laminar flow

A
  • least resistance
  • good flow
  • ## away from the wall towards the vessel
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10
Q

reynolds number

A
  • diameter x velocity x density/ viscosity
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11
Q

resistance

A

series

parallel

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12
Q

series

A
  • flow is dependent flow must be equal at all points
  • resistance to the total series is equal to the sum of individual system
  • equal flow
  • Rt > Ri
  • with in organs
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13
Q

parallel

A
  • flow is independent to each other
  • flow is not equal
  • Rt
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14
Q

the total resistance(Rt) is always

A
  • less than any of the individual resistance (Ri)
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15
Q

organ donor (Kidney) parallel

A
  • as we add total becomes less
  • subtract resistances the total resistance increase
  • increase resistance
  • flow is decrease
  • CO decrease to compensate for increase BP
  • HR decrease to decrease BP
  • bradycardia normal for donor
  • wt gain
  • increase TPR, MAP
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16
Q

CO

A

= mean arterial pressure/TPR

17
Q

mean arterial pressure

A

= CO x TPR

18
Q

CO

A

= HR x SV

19
Q

LaPlace relationship (wall tension)

A
  • T- wall tension
  • P- pressure
  • r- radius
  • dysfunction can lead to aneurysm
20
Q

aorta

A
  • is the artery with the greatest wall tension (greatest pressure while lying down and RADIUS)
  • reason for aorta predispose to aneurysm
  • causing dissecting aneurysm
21
Q

increase in radius and pressure

A
  • increase in tension agains the wall

- increase pooling of blood causing less blood goes to the heart

22
Q

compliance

A
  • change in volume/ change in pressure
  • vessel is easily stretched
  • 60 y/o has more compliance in his lung
  • aging loose elasticity
23
Q

elasticity

A
  • inverse to compliance
  • recoil
  • more elasticity less compliance
24
Q

VEINS

A
  • 20x more compliant than arteries
  • 70% of systemic blood volume
  • major blood reservoir
  • less elasticity(to have more compliance, has the ability to change volume) due to less muscles in the walls
  • no recoil
  • small change in pressure will cause a large change in volume
  • have high compliance
25
Q

veins pathophysiology

A
  • in hemorrhage
  • venous pressure decreases
  • causing passive constriction of veins
  • decrease blood storage
  • blood is removed from the vein to the arteries to increase CO to compensate to hemorrhage
  • SYMPATHETIC INNERVATION causing VASOCONTRICTION alpha 1
26
Q

artery

A
  • decrease in compliance

- increase radius increase flow

27
Q

venodilator (nitrates)

A
  • decrease in venous return
  • decrease preload
  • decrease flow
28
Q

arteriolar dilator

A
  • increase flow
  • decrease in pressure in the system
  • decrease TPR arteries
29
Q

volume loading

A
  • increase venous pressure which causes passive dissension of veins
30
Q

hemorrhage affected VEINS

A
  • decrease volume
  • decrease pressure
  • sympathetic response
  • alpha 1
  • constriction
  • decrease pooling
31
Q

fluid infusion, fluid overload

A
  • increase pressure
  • increase pooling of blood
  • by distention of the vein
  • less blood will go to the heart
  • decreasing the venous return in the heart
  • will cause massive dilation of the veins

PHYSIOLOGY (40 decks)

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