digestive process Flashcards
protein has no taste
- due no chymotrypsin, trypsin in saliva
- trypsin essential
essential in stomach is
- intrinsic factor
- absorb B12 in the terminal ileum
pancreas
- essential
- lipase
- amylase
gallbladder
- bile and lipase for fat absorption
- starve to death
small bowel
- disaccharidases (lactase, lactose intolerance; sucrase, sucrose intolerance; maltase 2 glucose breakdown, trehalase 3 glucose breakdown)
- only MONOSACCHARIDES CAN BE ABSORBED by FACILITATED DIFFUSION
driving the entire absorption
- NaKATPase (active transport splitting energy)
not dependent in sodium reabsorption
- FRUCTOSE (independent of sodium reabsorption)
which of the following does not affect secondary active transport
- INSULIN
- it does not affect glucose absorption in GUT and KIDNEY
INSULIN
- affects transport in adipose tissue and resting muscles
AMINO ACIDS
- are transported by SECONDARY ACTIVE TRANSPORT liked to SODIUM
absorption of lipids
TRIGYCERIDE
- bile micelles (emulsify)
- pancreatic lipase will absorb it into 2 free fatty acids and position 2 monoglyceride
absorption of fats is by
- diffusion
- chylomicrons brings the fat to thoracic duct for mixing
absorption of fats
lipase breaksdown
- triglyceride
absorption of fats
cholesterol esterase
- breaks up into cholesterol and free fatty acid
reesterified into chylomicron that goes into the lymph and dumps it into circulation by the process of DIFFUSION
ABSORPTION
duodenum
- most divalent ions (Fe, Ca, Mg)
- water soluble vitamins
- Fe+
- Mg+
- Ca+
- celiac disease (IRON DEFICIENCY)
- chronic pancreatitis(NO IRON DEFICIENCY because the don’t need pancreatic enzymes)
- stool are greasy, foul, floating etc.
- malabsorption of fat soluble vitamins ADEK
- weight loss due to fat malabsorption
- osteoporosis Vit D malabsorption
- easy bruising
CELIAC DISEASE vs CHRONIC PANCREATITIS
- celiac disease (IRON DEFICIENCY)
- chronic pancreatitis (NO IRON DEFICIENCY because the don’t need pancreatic enzymes)
JEJUNUM
- overall
- net absorption of water and electrolytes
- site where HCO3 IS ABSORBED
distal ILEUM
- BILE SALTS ABSORPTION
- VITAMIN B12 and INTRINSIC FACTOR ABSORPTION
- ONLY IN ILEUM
COLON
- only site excrete 100% POTASSIUM; HCO3 (duodenum also excrete and absorb)
- NO DIGESTION PROCESS/ENZYME
- DIARRHEA
- site of action for ALDOSTERONE
- absorb most of the water
case:
site of development of diarrhea where patient presents with low serum potassium and HCO3
- COLON
ALDOSTERONE works
- on the COLON
- and DISTAL TUBULE
case:
patient with HEMOCHROMATOSIS site of defect
- DUODENUM
case:
IRON OVERLOAD
HFe gene site of defect
- DUODENUM
case:
IRON deposition in the heart, liver, skin, gonads site of defect
- DUODENUM
case: difference between CHRONIC PANCREATITIS vs WHIPPLES DISEASE TROPICAL SPRUE CELIAC DISEASE
- DUODENAL MALABSORPTION OF IRON
