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PHYSIOLOGY > GIT PHYSIOLOGY > Flashcards

GIT PHYSIOLOGY Flashcards

1
Q

Zollinger Ellison - Syndrome

A
  • best diagnostic test
  • SECRETIN TEST normal gastrin level should drop
  • treatment PPI
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2
Q

acetylcholine increase

A
  • on salivary glands increases salivary secretion increase Ach
  • dry mouth decrease Ach
  • increases GI motility, colonic motility, small intestine motility (excess Ach)
  • detrusor muscle urinary retention (decrease)
  • diarrhea
  • angle closure glaucoma
  • defecation
  • constipation (decrease)
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3
Q

tricyclics anti depressant (anticholinergics)

A
  • dry mouth
  • urinary retention
  • constipation
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4
Q

acetylcholine excess

A
  • Myasthenia Gravis
  • nerve gas attack
  • crop duster
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5
Q

acetylcholine decrease

A
  • pathologic decrease atropine
  • ipatropium bromide
  • tricyclic antidepressants
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6
Q

dementia therapy MG drugs

A
  • donepazil
  • ribosigmine
  • galantimine
    IT INCREASE ACETYLCHOLINE IN THE BRAIN
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7
Q

case:
patient on a dementia medication suddenly develops
increase salivation, urination, defecation

A

mechanism:
- increase acetylcholine in the brain
- acetylcholine increase GI motility, make the detrusor muscle contract

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8
Q

case:

patient with COPD under treatment suddenly develops constipation dry mouth

A

mechanism:

ipatropium bromide anti cholinergic

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9
Q

dyspnea, caused by asthma

A
  • methacholine stimulation testing
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10
Q

sympathetic (NOREPINEPHRINE)

A
  • GI motility is decreased
  • dry decrease secretion
  • increase constriction of sphincter
  • SLOWS
  • DRIES
  • DILATES bronchi to increase oxygenation
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11
Q

ASTHMATICS

A
  • treatment increase sympathetic
  • beta agonist
  • dilates and dries
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12
Q

NE and Epinephrine

A
  • shut down bowels by contraction
  • shut down saliva
  • open eyes
  • open bronchi
  • constricts blood vessels to shunt blood from the skin to heart to brain
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13
Q

acetylcholine (parasympathetic)

A
  • increase motility
  • increase secretion
  • decrease constrictions of sphincters
  • AN INCREASE IN PARASYMPATHETIC ACTIVITY PROMOTES DIGESTIVE AND ABSORPTIVE PROCESSES
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14
Q

gastrin- releasing peptide (GRP)

A
  • vagus
  • acetylcholine
  • vagal stimulation increase salivation and GI motility (STRETCH OF THE STOMACH)
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15
Q

URGE INCONTINENCE (overactive bladder syndrome)

A
  • medications such as antimuscarinic drugs (e.g., darifenacin, hyoscyamine, oxybutynin, tolterodine, solifenacin, trospium, fesoterodine)
  • anticholinergic
  • SE dry mouth
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16
Q

exocrine

A
  • to the duct
17
Q

endocrine

A
  • to the blood stream
18
Q

paracrine

A
  • histamine
19
Q

secretin

A
  • from the S cells lining the duodenum

- make HCO3 to neutralized the acid (from LIVER and PANCREAS)

20
Q

pancreas produce mainly

A
  • HCO3 and fluids 80-90% (PPI)

- insulin 1% controls the metabolic rate of cells in the body

21
Q

CCK

A
  • fats goes to duodenum, duodenal cells makes CCK make the pancreas secrete lipase and the gallbladder makes the bile
  • no bile no fat absorption (saponification of the fats) lipase dissolve it for absorption
22
Q

gallbladder contract

A
  • sphincter of oddi open
23
Q

1 stimulant for gastrin secretion (parasympathetic)

A
  • distention/stretch of stomach stimulates vagus which makes acetylcholine which secretes gastrin
  • GRP
24
Q

protein peptides

A
  • increase gastrin secretion (predominant product is acid pepsinogen)
  • PEPSINOGEN digest protein
25
Q

stretch of stomach

A
  • time to digest
  • by digesting proteins
  • by increasing gastrin
  • by increasing motility (the only function of gastrin, the only feedback inhibition, neural inhibition)
26
Q

GASTRIN FUNCTIONS

A

by increasing motility (the only function of gastrin, the only feedback inhibition, neural inhibition)

27
Q

GASTIC ULCERS ARE FROM

A
  • PEPSIN
28
Q

milk containing diet

A
  • secretes gastrin
29
Q

all are inhibitory except

A
  • GASTRIN
30
Q

GASTIC INHIBITORY PEPTIDE (GIP)

A
  • are stimulated by CHO

- and increase INSULIN

31
Q

CHO makes

A
  • GIP to make insulin
32
Q

which has a greater INCREASE IN INSULIN

oral glucose vs IV glucose

A
  • oral sugars due to GIP

- all GI hormones INCREASE INSULIN but GIP INCREASES IT MORE

PHYSIOLOGY (40 decks)

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