Use of Force

Question 1

Members of the Service have a responsibility to only use that force which is reasonably necessary to bring an incident under control _______ and _______

Answer 1

effectively and safely

Question 2

The Ontario Use of Force Model (Model) is an aid to promote ___________________ of every situation, and can assist members to understand and make use of a variety of force options to respond to potentially violent situations.

Answer 2

continuous critical assessment and evaluation

Question 3

It is not intended to serve as a __________________________, nor does it prescribe specific response options appropriate to any given situation

Answer 3

justification for a member’s use of force

Question 4

Supervision
 Supervisory Officer ATTENDANCE mandatory when firearm is discharged
 Supervisory Officer NOTIFICATION mandatory when
- firearm is discharged
- conducted energy weapon has been used
 Officer in Charge of Division of occurrence NOTIFICATION mandatory when firearm is discharged

Question 5

Criminal Code (CC) empowers every person who is required or authorized to do anything in the administration or enforcement of the law, when acting on reasonable grounds, to use ____________________ for that purpose. Every person is liable, both _______________, for any unjustified or excessive force used.

Answer 5

as much force as necessary

criminally and civilly

Question 6

Intermediate Force Options
Members may use an intermediate weapon such as their issued baton, OC spray or conducted energy weapon (CEW) as a force option
 to prevent themselves from being __________________________
 to prevent a prisoner being __________________
 to disarm ______________________ armed with an offensive weapon
 to control a _____________ when other force options are not viable
 for any other __________________ purpose

Answer 6

overpowered when violently attacked
taken from police custody
and apparently dangerous person
potentially violent situation
lawful and justifiable

Question 7

Authorized Restraining Devices
Handcuffs, leg irons, spit shields and other restraints authorized by the Chief of Police (e.g. plastic flexi–cuffs) may be used
 to control the ___________ of a person in custody
 when prisoners are ___________________________
 to prevent a prisoner from ____________

Answer 7

violent activities
being transferred from one place to another
escaping

Question 8

Fleeing Suspect
A peace officer, and every person lawfully assisting the peace officer, is justified in using force that is intended or is likely to ___________________ to a person to be arrested, if
a) the peace officer is proceeding __________ to arrest, with or without warrant, the person to be arrested;
b) the offence for which the person is to be arrested is one for which that person may be arrested without warrant;
c) the person to be arrested takes ____________;
d) the peace officer or other person using the force believes on reasonable grounds that the force is necessary for the purpose of protecting the peace officer, the person lawfully assisting the peace officer or any other person from ____________________; and
e) the flight cannot be prevented by reasonable means in a less violent manner

Answer 8

cause death or grievous bodily harm lawfully
flight to avoid arrest
imminent or future death or grievous bodily harm

Question 9

Police officers are prohibited from discharging a firearm at a motor vehicle for the sole purpose of __________.

Answer 9

disabling the vehicle.

Question 10

Police officers shall not discharge a firearm at the operator or occupants of a motor vehicle unless there exists an _______________________ to officers and/or members of the public by a means other than the vehicle.

Answer 10

immediate threat of death or grievous bodily harm

Question 11

Everyone who is authorized by law to use force is ______________for any excess thereof according to the nature and quality of the act that constitutes the excess.

Answer 11

criminally responsible

Question 12

Reporting Use of Force
Ontario Regulation 926/90 compels members to submit a Use of Force Report to the Chief of Police when a member
 uses physical force on another person that results in an injury that requires _______
 draws a ________ in the presence of a member of the public, excluding a member of the police force while on duty
 discharges a ______
 ______ a firearm regardless if the firearm is a handgun or a long gun
 uses a weapon other than a firearm on another person
For the purpose of reporting a use of force incident, the definition of a weapon includes a police dog or police horse that comes into direct physical contact with a person.

Answer 12

medical attention
handgun
firearm
points

Question 13

Additionally, officers are required to submit a Use of Force Report and a TPS 584 to the Chief of Police when the officer uses a CEW
 as a “demonstrated force presence”
 in drive stun mode or full deployment, whether intentionally or otherwise

Answer 13

note

Question 14

Exemptions to the Reporting Criteria
A Use of Force Report is not required when
 a firearm, other than an issued handgun, is merely carried or displayed by an officer
 a handgun is drawn or a firearm pointed at a person or is discharged in the course of a training exercise, target practice or ordinary firearm maintenance in accordance with Service Governance
 a weapon other than a firearm is used on another member of the Service in the course of a training exercise
 physical force is used on another member of the Service in the course of a training exercise

Question 15

Where a court order, subpoena, or prosecutor’s request for disclosure of the Use of Force Report is received, such request shall be directed to ____________

Answer 15

Legal Services

Question 16

Where the request is made under the Municipal Freedom of Information & Protection of Privacy Act and NOT by a court order, subpoena, or prosecutor’s request for disclosure, such request shall be directed to the _________________________________

Answer 16

Coordinator – Records Management Services – Access and Privacy Section

Question 17

When a Service firearm has been discharged, the _______________ shall be notified forthwith

Answer 17

Senior Duty Officer

Question 18

The Firearm Discharge Investigator (FDI) shall be responsible for all administrative investigations pertaining to firearm discharges. The discharging officer’s supervisory officer is required to complete a ____________________
A supervisory officer from the involved officer’s unit may be assigned to support and assist the FDI in the investigation.

Answer 18

Firearm Discharge Report

Question 19

Exemption to the Additional Investigative Requirements
A FDI is NOT required when investigating the discharge of an ______________________________, where the projectile expelled by the firearm is designed or intended as a less–lethal mechanism.

The investigation and report on the incident shall be the responsibility of the Unit Commander, in conjunction with the training staff, of the unit responsible for the discharge

Answer 19

impact projectile launcher or a tear gas launching device

Question 20

Batons are the only impact weapon permitted for use when dealing directly with the public.
When authorized to use OC aerosol spray shall
 only use it when other options reasonably present a risk of injury to a subject or themselves
 make all reasonable efforts to decontaminate sprayed individuals at the earliest safe or practicable opportunity, including the consideration of aerosol water mist decontamination devices

Question 21

Police officers issued with and/or authorized to carry firearms or ammunition shall
- not draw a handgun, point a firearm at a person, or discharge a firearm unless
there are reasonable grounds to believe that to do so is necessary to protect against loss of life or serious bodily harm.

• engaged in a training exercise.
• the discharge of a handgun or other firearm is to call for assistance in a critical situation, if there is no reasonable alternative.
• the discharge of a handgun or other firearm is to destroy an animal that is potentially dangerous or is so badly injured that humanity dictates that it’s suffering be ended.
• not discharge as a warning shot

Question 22

In critical situations shall, when tactically appropriate
 avoid confrontation by disengaging to a place of safety

 take all reasonable measures to contain the scene

 notify the communications operator and request the attendance of

• a supervisory officer
• Toronto Paramedic Services (Paramedics), if required

Question 23

When discharging any firearm other than at an authorized range or under the exemption provisions shall immediately notify

 their supervisory officer

 the Officer in Charge of the division in which the discharge occurred

Question 24

Who are use of force reports emailed to upon completion by the member?

Answer 24

Training Analyst- TPC

Question 25

Who assists the FDI during a firearm discharge investigation?

Answer 25

The Supervisor

Question 26

Unit Commander Role

The original TPS 586 shall be forwarded to PRS by the ____________

The applicable forms shall be forwarded to the Training Analyst – TPC within _______ of receipt

Answer 26

next business day

72 Hours

Question 27

Officer in Charge – Toronto Police Operations Centre

Upon being notified of a firearm discharge by an officer from another law enforcement agency shall notify the :

Answer 27

Senior Duty Officer and on–call FDI forthwith

Question 28

Firearm Discharge Investigator – Professional Standards
When advised that a firearm discharge incident has occurred shall
 take charge of the investigation
 direct all required resources to ensure compliance with the additional investigative requirements
 conduct a thorough investigation and submit the appropriate report

Question 29

Unit Commander – TPOC

• Submit electronically all mandatory information from use of force report to Ministry of the Solicitor General
• Conduct ongoing review and evaluation of all use of force procedure, training and reporting

Question 30

Unit Commander – PRS

• Data base of use of force data
• At least once a year, analysis of use of force trends for the entire service – not to identify officers.

Question 31

Authorized Ranges
- Operated by
o Our Service
o Another Ontario Police service
o Privately owned or provincially approved shooting range
o Department of National Defence

Question 32

_____________________ means a detective or detective sergeant assigned to Professional Standards who has completed the accredited Firearm Discharge Investigators Course

Answer 32

Firearm Discharge Investigator (FDI)

Question 33

___________________ means information derived from a member making a determination with respect to the race of an individual by observation, solely on the basis of that member’s own perception

Answer 33

Service Members’ Perception Data

Question 34

Incident Review Committee
o Review incidents
o Assess the effectiveness of training practices and associated Service Governance
o Report findings to SMT
- Unit Commander – ETF
- Unit Commander – Corporate Risk Management
- Section Head – TPC Armament Section
- Section Head – TPC – In-service training
- Training Analyst – TPC – Armament Section
- Representative – East Field
- Representative – west field
- Representative – EMPO – Public Safety