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11th grade > US period one > Flashcards

US period one Flashcards

1
Q

of native american

A

50-100 million ppl before columbus

1-10 mil in north america

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2
Q

when did Asian cross over bering

A

35,000 BCE - 10,000 BCE

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3
Q

before columbus

A

after crossing, groups of 25-50 ppl in group
ice age ended
central america & peru: densely populated

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4
Q

Southwest

A

Puelbo

agricultural, norm population, multi structural dome.

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5
Q

Mesoamerica

Mexico

A

most populated and developed. 1st to cultivate (5,000 BCE)

Aztec

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6
Q

Gautemala

A

Mayans
very advance
math, science, huge surplus, no wheels)
hieroglypics

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7
Q

3 sister crops: grow together

A

squash
corn/maiz
bean

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8
Q

south of alaskan coast

A

alot of natural resources. no agri. long houses.

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9
Q

West canada

A

stayed in nome. HnG, spare population, great basin

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10
Q

Plain/middle

A

3sistercrop, seminomadic. HnG. live along river bank and along underneath earthen mounds

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11
Q

Eastern USA

A

creek, cherokee, eurique, mgonquin

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12
Q

Missipean period (1000-1340)

A

cahokoa, biggest AI settlement, big mound buildings. disperse bc of columbus

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13
Q

Large AI communities

A
  • Algonquian= northeast
  • siouan= great plains
  • athabaskan= southwest
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14
Q

southwest AI

new mexico and arizona

A

hokokam
Anasazi
pueblos
(farming, caves and talll building)

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15
Q

Northwest AI

pacific coast and alaska

A

permanent longhouse/plank, hunting/fishing, HnG. tall mtn, isolation

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16
Q

great plain

A

nomadic/sedentary (buffalo, tepees). farming hunted and lived in permanent earthen lodges. 3 sistercrops. Horses: Lakota Sioux used them for hunting .
Apaches: migrated southward from canada to texas

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17
Q

Midwest AI

east of missippit

A

woodland american indiand, hunting/fishing and agri, permanent settle. Adena Hopewell: ohio, earthen mounds. large: Cahokia

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18
Q

Northeast AI

ohio to NY

A

hunting and farming. descendent of Adena-Hopewell. Iroquois: political union of 5 tribes . Seneca, Cayuga, Onondaga, Oneida, and Mohawk

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19
Q

Atlantic Seaboard AI

new jersey south florida, coastalplains

A

descendant of woodland mound builders and built timber and bark lodging. lived near rivers

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20
Q

Protestant Reformation

A

revolt in: Germanu, England, France, Holland.

Catholic: Spain n portugal

Protestant: England and Holland

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21
Q

Portuguese slaves

A

African island for sugar: Madeira and Azores

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22
Q

Amerigo Vespucci

A

america named after this italian sailor

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23
Q

EU got syphilis

A

AI got smallpox and measles

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24
Q

line of demarcation

A

1493 pope drew verticle line to solve conflict btw spain and portugal

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25
Q

Treaty of Tordesillas

A

1494, spain and portugal moved pope line to the west

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26
Q

Spain voyage

A
  • Isthmus of Panama to Pacific Ocean by Balboa
  • Magellan around the world
  • Cortes aztec
  • Pizzaro incas
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27
Q

John cabot

A

explored newfoundland in 1497 for english.

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28
Q

English vs spanish

A
  • 1570-1580, francis drake attracked spanish ship and settlement to get gold n silver that they had
  • Walter Raleigh, establish settlement at Roanoke Island in 1587 but failed
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29
Q

Verrazano

A

explore NY harbor

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30
Q

Cartier

A

explored St. Lawrence River

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31
Q

samuel de champlain

A

1608, 1st perm settle at quenec on st. Lawrence river

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32
Q

Hudson

A

sailor 1600s dutch hudson river

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33
Q

pueblo revolt 1680

A

in snata fe, New Mexico. bc of harsh effort to christianize. Spanish are driven from area 1692

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34
Q

Valladolid Debate

A

over how indian is human or not. Las cases (good) vs Sepulveda

Las casas: help AI want New Laws 1542. Repealed

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35
Q

French places

A

trading posts st. lawrence valley, great lakes, Mississippi river. assisted Huron AI in fighting Iroquois AI

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36
Q

charter

A

document granting special privileges

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37
Q

dissenters in plymouth n Massachusetts bay

A

influence by john calvin

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38
Q

Jamestown, Virginia

A

John smith, Virginia company, lots of ppl died. 1st royal colony

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39
Q

Plymouth and Massachusetts

A

Dissenters, Protestants: John Calvin

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40
Q

Plymouth colony

A

Separatist/pilgrims. Lots died, AI helped. Miles standish and William Bradford

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41
Q

Massachusetts bay colony

A

Puritans. Leader: John Winthrop founded Boston. Great migration

42
Q

Virginia gov

A

1st representative assembly: house of burgesses. Ppl have same rights as British

43
Q

Jamestown 1607

A

-Virginia company charter
- swampy, dysentery and malaria.
Leader: john smith, John Rolfe & Pocahontas (tobacco)
-1st royal colony bc debt

44
Q

charter

A

a document granting special privileges from the English monarch for a colony to existed

45
Q

corporate colony

A

operated by joint-stock companies (jamestown)

46
Q

royal colony

A

under direct rule of the king’s gov (Virginia)

47
Q

proprietary colony

A

under authority if ppl granted power of ownership by the king (maryland and pennsylvania)

48
Q

England gained naval power

A

defeating spanish armada (1588) fleet

49
Q

Plymouth and Massachusetts Bay

A 
religious motivation
dissenters persecuted  (John Calvin-God chooses destiny)
50
Q

Plymouth

A

mayflower, andians helped. Miles standish, willian Bradford helped. Fish, fur and lumber

51
Q

Mayflower

A

half separatist (pilgrims) other half for econ, planned to go to jamestown but did not

52
Q

Massachusetts bay

1629

A

puritans, religious freedom, royal, company. John winthrop.

Great Migration: civil war in England caused immigrations there

53
Q

Kings

A
  • James: 1602-1625 (seperatist)
  • Charles: 1625-
  • James 2: 1685 wanted to increase royal control
  • Glorious Revolution: 1688 William and Mary.
54
Q

Political Virginia

A

1619 1st representative assembly: House of Burgesses

55
Q

Political NE

A

pilgrim signed doc to make decision by will of majority (Mayflower Compact)
Massachusetts bay: males can elect

56
Q

Maryland 1632

tolerance and diversity among protestant

A
  • heaven for catholics
  • 1st proprietary, George Calvert (Lord Baltimore) died n son (Cecil Calvert) takes over in 1634
  • Act of toleration: granting religious freedom to christians 1649
  • Protestant Revolt vs catholoics, P wons
57
Q

Virginia: population grew slowly

A

Slavery:
1619: not hereditary
end 1660s: hereditary by house of burgesses

58
Q

Econ Maryland VI:

beginning 1600s, low tobacco prices

A

House of Burgesses: raise tobacco prices

59
Q

Virginia

A

Royal governor: William Berkeley (1641-1677). hated small farmer on inland and doesnt protect them fom indian attacks

60
Q

Bacon Rebellion

1676

A

Nathaniel Bacon: farmer. Army raids on NA and accused of rebelling against king and burned Jamestown, Died and army collapse

61
Q

Providence 1636

A

banished from Massachusetts. Rodger William questioned puritans (no church authority. paid indians for land
catholics quakers and jews

62
Q

Anne Hutchinson

Portsmouth 1638

A

antinomianism faith alone is necessary for salvation. banishes from Bay, killed

63
Q

RI (Portsmouth and Providence) 1644

A

tolerated religion, refuge. gov is elected by ppl

64
Q

Hartford 1636

New Haven 1637 by John davenport.

Combine to form Connecticut royal

A

Thomas Hooker from Boston founded Hartford. Ppl found first written constitution: fundammental

Orders of Connectitcut (1639) representative gov legislature that chooses govr

65
Q

New Hampshire

A

part of Bay, royal

66
Q

halfway covenent

A

partial member of puritan no conversion

67
Q

New England Confederation 1643-1684

A

attack from NA. military alliance (Plymouth, Massach. Bay, Connecticut, New Haven)

68
Q

King Philip’s War

NE 1675

A

Metacom united tribe against settlers, died

69
Q

Restoration Colonies

A

late 1600s, King Charles gained throne granted land to those who liked help
NC
SC

70
Q

Carolinias 1729 established, given 1663

A

SC: trading fur, rice plantations slaves
NC:small tobacco farm, poor transportation, less slavery

71
Q

NY

A

1664: Duke of York , James, took it from Dutch, allowed them to keep culture, no assemply but gave back freedom 1683

72
Q

NJ 1664 split

A

From NY, john berkeley and george Carteret (1674), combined to NJ (1702), quaker, proprietary

73
Q

Pennsylvania 1681

A

Quakers: christian, peacful, equality, persectuted, one of them William Penn, royal owed him so they gave him his colony. religious refuge
-Charter of Liberties (1701): guaranteed religious freedom for all
-Frame of gov (1682-1683)elected representative assembly
treated NA fairly, founded Philadelphia

74
Q

Delaware 1702

A

from pennsylvania, own assembly

75
Q

GA 1732

A

prisoners, proprietary first: oglethorpe then royal

76
Q

Navigation act (1650-1673)

A

Mbay, 1684, no charter bc it was smugglinng

77
Q

Dominion of NE 1686

A

all NE clonies combines, no representative assembly. New govr: Edmund Andros. ended when glorious revolution

78
Q

Slaves

A
  • 1641 MA, slaves are lawful captives
  • 1661 VI, children are slaves
  • 1664ML, white F can’t marry black
79
Q

Immigrants

A

mostly middle colony and western frontier in southern colony

  • few English
  • African: 20%
80
Q

German

6%

A

west Philadelphia rich farmland. maintained culture, obeyed laws, little interest in politics

81
Q

Scotch-Irish 7%

A

little respect for British gov, frontier in western parts of Penn. VI, Carolinas, and GA

82
Q

Other 5%

A

french protestants (Huguenots)

83
Q

Gov elected by ppl: RI, Connecticut

A

Appointed by the crown: NY, VI

Proprietor: Penn, ML

84
Q

Religious Toleration

A

MA: conservative, accepted several types of Protestant

RI,Penn: most liberal

85
Q

NE

A

rocky soil, long winters, limited farming. industry: logging, shipbuilding, fishing, trading, and rum

86
Q

MC

A

rich soil, wheat and corn. hired worker, small manufacturing: iron making

87
Q

SC

A

most small subsistence farm and plantations, no slave.
tobacco: chesapeake and NC
timber and naval stores: carolinas
Rice and indigo: SC and GA. rivers

88
Q

money

A

had to use gold and silver to pay for import

89
Q

Religion most protestant

A

NY and Boston: jewish.

NE: Congregationalist (successor to puritans) and presbyterians.

NY: dutch-Reformed church
Pennsylvania: Lutherans. Mennonites and quakers

VI: anglican

90
Q

Great Awakening

1730s-1740s

A

Jonathan Edwards, Congregational Church: sinners in the Hands of an Angry God” Massa. god is angry at sins. NE

Georgia Whitefield: God saves only those who believe Jesus

91
Q

Architecture: 1740s-1750s

A

georgian style of London. east

West: one room log cabin

92
Q

Painting

A

go from place to place, portrait. Benjamin West

John Copley

93
Q

Literature:

A

religious MA minister: Cotton Mather and Jonnathan Edwards

Ben franklin:Poor Richard Almanack

94
Q

NE elementary edu

A

MA: >50 primary school for boys

tax supported

95
Q

MC elementary

A

church sponsored or private

96
Q

S elementary

A

homeshcooled

97
Q

Zenger: 1735

A

enlightment: 1700s

98
Q

gov appointed by king

A

NH MA NY NJ VI NC SC GA

99
Q

gov appointed by proprietors

A

mL, Penn, Delaware

100
Q

govr elected

A

Connect and RI

11th grade (59 decks)

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